Popular Abstract in Swedish Ekonomin och välfärden är starkt beroende av tillförlitlig transport och energiförsörjningsteknologi. En stor del av denna teknik bygger på användandet av förbränningsmotorer. Då dessa till antalet är så stort utgör de tillsammans en stor miljöbelastning. Därför måste det läggas stora resurser på förbättrad motorstyrning och avgasrening. En av restprodukterna från förBoth the global economy and the society in general are dependent on the availability of reliable transportation. Most transportation technology involves the use of internal combustion engines in one way or another. Because of the large numbers of internal combustion engines in use around the world, their emissions have a significant environmental impact. Therefore, considerable efforts have been i

Quantum chemical calculations provide detailed theoretical information concerning key aspects of photoinduced electron and excitation transfer processes in supramolecular donor-acceptor systems, which are particularly relevant to fundamental charge separation in emerging molecular approaches for solar energy conversion. Here we use density functional theory (DFT) calculations to explore the excite

An interesting feature of dung beetle behaviour is that once they have formed a piece of dung into a ball, they roll it along a straight path away from the dung pile. This straight-line orientation ensures that the beetles depart along the most direct route, guaranteeing that they will not return to the intense competition (from other beetles) that occurs near the dung pile. Before rolling a new b

Single cell gene expression assays have become a powerful tool with which to dissect heterogeneous populations. While methods and software exist to interrogate such data, what has been lacking is a unified solution combining analysis and visualisation which is also accessible and intuitive for use by non-bioinformaticians, as well as bioinformaticians.

Texter om Ljudmiljö, hälsa och stadsbyggnad av Björn Hellström, Gunnar Cerwén, Patrik Grahn, Peter Währborg, Jacob Kreutzfeldt, Jonas Björk, Jonathan Stoltz m.fl. Förord av Erik Skärbäck

We consider simple approximations of variances and covariances for order statistics from the standard extreme value distribution. Exact values and simulation results of the variances and covariances for certain sample sizes are used to determine the validity of the suggested approximations.

Objective. There is an increased risk of gastrointestinal carcinoma and smoking-related diseases after partial gastrectomy for peptic ulcer disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate long-term cancer incidence and mortality after parietal cell vagotomy (PCV), a surgical method with a low rate of side effects, but creating hypochlorhydria in the stomach mimicking long-term treatment with an

Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a locally aggressive endothelial tumour that is classified into 4 clinico-epidemiological forms: classic KS affecting lower limbs in elderly Mediterranean or East European men; endemic KS occurring in extremities among Equatorial African middle-aged men and children; iatrogenic KS involving lower limbs in immunosuppressive patients; and AIDS-associated (epidemic) KS observed

The performance of a millimetre-wave wavelet generator under picosecond-pulsed trigger operation conditions has been evaluated experimentally. The reactively-loaded resonant tunnelling diodes metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect-transistor circuit is shown to generate well-formed wavelets for control pulse-lengths down to approximately the free-running carrier oscillation period. Transient circu

Non-Gaussian stochastic fields are introduced by means of integrals with respect to independently scattered stochastic measures distributed according to generalized Laplace laws. In particular, we discuss stationary second order random fields that, as opposed to their Gaussian counterpart, have a possibility of accounting for asymmetry and heavier tails. Additionally to this greater flexibility th

In this paper we give a short introduction to the use of atomic spectroscopy in plasma diagnostics. Both older works and exciting new branches of atomic physics, which have relevance to diagnostics, are discussed. In particular we focus on forbidden lines in Be-like ions, lines sensitive to magnetic fields and levels which have a lifetime dependence on the nuclear spin of the ion, i.e. f-dependent

Family history is a strong predictor of hereditary breast cancer, particularly when it includes cases of early onset or bilateral breast cancers and multiple cases of breast or ovarian cancers. This article provides relative risks and cumulative risks of breast cancer in women whose family history indicates high risk. Specifically, the aim was to determine how many years earlier the high-risk wome

Mesenchymal stroma cells (MSCs) have a high potential for novel cell therapy approaches in clinical transplantation. Commonly used bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs), however, have a restricted proliferative capacity and cultures are difficult to standardize. Recently developed human embryonic stem cell-derived mesenchymal stroma cells (hES-MSCs) might represent an alternative and unlimited source

This article provides a spatial analysis of the conceptual framework of fluid dynamics during the nineteenth century, focusing on the transition from the Euler equation to the Navier-Stokes equation. A dynamic version of Peter Gardenfors's theory of conceptual spaces is applied which distinguishes changes of five types: addition and deletion of special laws; change of metric; change in importance;

In computer work, musculoskeletal disorders are frequently reported, but the knowledge about causal relationships is limited. In air traffic control, female and male operators perform exactly the same computer work. Introduction of a new computer system implied a momentary change from a “varied” system containing different in-put devices, to a system characterized by intensive mouse-work. The effe

The gas composition surrounding a catalytic sample has direct impact on its surface structure, which is essential when in situ investigations of model catalysts are performed. Herein a study of the gas phase close to a Pd(110) surface during CO oxidation under semirealistic conditions is presented. Images of the gas phase, provided by planar laser-induced fluorescence, clearly visualize the format