Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingens syfte är att lyfta fram och analysera tre viktiga ämnen inom inombranschhandel; relevansen för efterfrågemönster, distinktionen mellan horisontell och vertikal inombranschhandel, och mätmetoden av inombranschhandel. Kapitel två analyserar inombranschhandel mellan hög- och låginkomstländer, och använder ett teoretiskt ramverk som förklarar bytet av liknandThis thesis aims at shedding light on three important issues related to intra-industry trade (IIT); the relevance of demand patterns, horizontal versus vertical IIT, and the measurement of IIT. Chapter two analyses IIT between high and low-income countries, and uses a theoretical model that explains the exchange of similar products of different qualities. We are particularly interested in the rol

The in vitro replication of the Torque teno virus (IT virus) tth8 full-length genome and particle formation in a Hodgkin's lymphoma-derived cell line after transfection with cloned viral DNA were demonstrated. Analyses of the transcription patterns of tth8 and tth7 TT virus isolates in a number of lymphoma and T-cell leukemia cell lines indicated differential additional splicing events and intrage

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) represents a heterogeneous soft tissue sarcoma entity. The authors compared different methods to determine immunohistochemical staining in whole tissue sections, evaluated the tissue microarray technique, and assessed immunohistochemical heterogeneity using the proliferation marker Ki-67 in 47 histopathologic tumor blocks from 11 MFHs. Whole tissue sections wer

The spectral emission from thermographic phosphors in free flow and its dependence of laser energy per cross section area (laser fluence [J/cm(2)]) has been investigated. Temperature measurements in gaseous flows using thermographic phosphors require higher laser energy than measurements performed on surfaces, due to lower particle density. A troublesome systematic error associated with high fluen

Background: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with perinatal mortality and with neurologic damage from intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). We investigated whether S100B, a neural protein found in high concentrations after cell injury in the nervous system, is increased in serum of women whose pregnancies are complicated by IUGR and whose newborns develop IVH. We also explored the

We examined the effect of 17alpha-ethinylestradiol on immunity of the Western fence lizard, Sceloporus occidentalis. Injection of 17alpha-ethinylestradiol resulted in dose-dependent suppression of peripheral blood leukocyte levels as determined by cell counts, whereas total spleen cell levels were decreased only at higher doses of 17alpha-ethinylestradiol. In contrast, spleen cell proliferation wa

Influence of gamma irradiation (Co-60-rays) with doses in the range up to 30 kGy was studied on gelatinisation of wheat starch, wheat flour and potato starch. Differential scanning calorimetry was then applied at several heating and cooling cycles for studies of the effect of irradiation with a 30 kGy dose on interaction of wheat starch with their native lipids and potato starch with admixed 1-mon

Retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) are self-renewing cells capable of differentiating into the different retinal cell types including photoreceptors, and they have shown promise as a source of replacement cells in experimental models of retinal degeneration. We hypothesized that a biodegradable polymer scaffold could deliver these cells to the subretinal space in a more organized manner than bolus in

Rotational Raman linewidths calculated from three different models have been used in temperature measurements by rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS)—a semiclassical ab initio model, the modified exponential energy gap model (MEG), and the energy corrected sudden scaling law (ECS). Experimental rotational CARS spectra were generated, using the dual-broadband approach, in pure ni

The volume and structural changes upon replacement of oppositely charged network counterions for oppositely charged macroions in cross-linked polyelectrolyte gels have been investigated by Monte Carlo simulations using a coarse-grained model. Initially, the gel deswells, but after an approximately equivalent amount of macroions, the gel starts to swell again. The deswelling effect is greatest for

To achieve high thermal efficiencies, 30 percent and higher, for small gas turbines a recuperator is mandatory. As the recuperator represents 25–30 percent of the overall machine cost, efforts are now being focused on establishing new low-cost recuperator concepts for gas turbine engines. In this paper the cross corrugated (CC), also called chevron pattern, heat transfer surface is reviewed to ass

Deletions and other null alleles for genetic markers can be detected as a special case of non-Mendelian inheritance, ie when a parent and a child appear to be homozygous for different alleles. The probability to detect a deletion for a fixed overall number of investigated individuals was calculated for biallelic and multiallelic markers with varying allele frequencies. To determine the effect of i

During recent years, the radial movement of the arterial wall has been extensively studied, and measurements of the radial movement are now an important tool in cardiovascular research for characterizing the mechanical properties of the arterial wall. In contrast, the longitudinal movement of vessels has gained little or no attention as it has been presumed that this movement is negligible. With m

Nine neutral and five acidic oligosaccharides were isolated from feces of a preterm (30th postmenstrual week) blood group A nonsecretor infant fed on pooled breast milk. Structural analyses were carried out using sugar and methylation analyses, fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry, and 1H NMR. The acidic oligosaccharides are well-known components of human milk. The neutral oligosaccharides are

The relationship between the Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fishes), the Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) and the piscine Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fishes), and how the Tetrapoda (four-limbed terrestrial vertebrates) are related to these has been a contentious issue for more than a century. A general consensus about the relationship of these vertebrate clades has gradually emerged among morpholo