Surrogate motherhood is a relatively controversial method of assisted reproduction, as it raises ethical questions about the potential risk of exploitation versus the right to self-determination, if it is done with the child’s best in mind and whether or not it is problematic for the family constellation. The purpose of this paper is to examine the approach to altruistic surrogate motherhood in Sw

In modern times, digital and technological developments have created the conditions for modernizing and changing the traditional way states, companies and large sections of the world population communicate with each other. During the digital and technological development, diplomacy has led to changes in what is usually considered to be traditional diplomatic communication. This study aims to repor

Utifrån teorier om att det finns en koppling mellan deskriptiv representation och substantiell representation, behövs kvinnor i politiken för att kvinnors intressen ska representeras. Ett sådant kvinnligt intresse kan antas vara att kommunernas kvinnofridsarbete ska vara välfungerande och prioriterat. Samtidigt visar statistik att kvinnor endast sitter på 36% av alla ordförandeposter (i kommunstyr

This study analyses the constitutive power of narratives in relation to a retroliberal paradigm shift in EU development policy by focusing on blended finance targeting sub-Saharan Africa. This study builds on the claims of Mawdsley (2015) that a reconfiguration of global development policy has challenged the North ontologically, which have been accompanied with the emergence of retroliberalism. Th

The Swedish government has presented its feminist foreign policy of focusing on women’s rights, representation, and resources as a step towards peace and security in the international community. This paper conducts an empirical study of Sweden’s actions in Colombia to understand how this policy works in practice. The peace agreement between the Colombian state and the leftist FARC-guerrilla was re

The European Union (EU) can no longer portray itself as a community of democracies since Hungary was recently classified as an electoral authoritarian regime. This was the culmination of a trend of democratic decline, which stands in contrast to the fundamental values the EU proudly denotes are its foundation. The thesis departs from this contradiction and finds theoretical relevance in R. Daniel

This essay examines, through an utilitarian perspective, the matter of torture as an interrogational technique. Through the application of the thought experiment called the ticking time bomb scenario, this essay’s aim is to question what constitutes an extreme case where a state might legitimately apply torture to hinder an imminent threat. This is applied to the case of the CIA and the enhanced i

In 2009 when President Nasheed began his presidency in the Maldives, he launched a unique environmental project that put the country at the fore front of international environmental politics and the battle against climate change. However, in the past ten years a new picture of the Maldives has occurred where those in power seem to put more effort into development and economic growth than environme

Developing wind farms is a long and costly task. Assessing the potential of a site is a major part of the development of a wind project. Reanalysis, that are modelling of the wind speed made from scattered wind data across the world (from satellites, weather stations for example), can help to fulfill this step as they are improving their accuracy with each new release. Among them is EMD-WRF, a rea

The right to participate and influence politics is fundamental in all democracies, and the possibility to do so should be equal among all citizens. In reality however, participation tends to mirror underlying structures in society. This thesis will examine the role of the internet as an arena for civic engagement due to inconsistencies in the existing research. The question is whether the internet

The aim of this study is to examine and gain a further understanding of the Swedish parliament’s approach to lobbying. Furthermore, to shed light on the democratic problems and values that underpin whether politicians in the parliament believe that regulations regarding lobbying should be introduced or not. The method that has been used is textual analysis. An analytical tool has been developed ba

In 2016 Mörbylånga municipality, on the southern part of the Swedish island Öland, suffered from historically low levels of ground water. The water scarcity made the municipality prioritize the question radically. The aim of this in-depth case study is to analyze the process of solutions to the water scarcity in the municipality, using the theory Multiple Streams Framework. The main research quest

The thesis is a study of two Swedish royal academies, The Royal Swedish Academy of War Sciences and The Royal Society of Naval Sciences. The academies are chosen for the unique connection they have with a Swedish administrative authority - namely the Armed Forces, and the very special arena in which they act. The study builds a theory of what the royal Swedish military science academies are a case

This thesis explores the diverging trend of preschool teacher-child ratio in Swedish municipal preschools and the conditions behind this development. Despite a long tradition of public childcare in Sweden, the government and municipalities report a shortage of preschool teachers, a profession essential for satisfying the pedagogical mission inscribed in the Swedish preschool curricula. In the ligh

In recent years, the pension gap (differences in disbursed pension) has been a discussed topic in both riksdagen and organizations like LO. Since 2016 Pensionsgruppen has been working with reduce this gap. Pensionsmyndigheten who’s working with pensions in Sweden has a mission from riksdagen to inform the public about pensions. The aim of the study is to examine Pensionsmyndighetens external commu

Reports of teachers experiencing negative psychosocial work environment are increasing in Sweden, despite existing policies and provisions in place to ensure an adequate work environment. This study investigates the implementation of a provision created by the Swedish Work Environment Authority in 2015, the provision on Organisational and social work environment, in schools. Two actors are in focu

This thesis aims to bring a greater understanding of the recent rise in right-wing populism by analysing the authoritarian populist discourse used by Donald Trump when he speaks to his base. In the study, the transcript of his speech at the Minnesota Rally in October 2019 is studied with the method critical discourse psychology. The theoretical framework is a combination of post-structuralism and

In 2008 Stockholm County Council decided to finance the construction of a new university hospital in Solna, Stockholm utilising public-private partnership (PPP). This decision received heavy criticism, partly due to the cost amounting to 61 billion SEK. The aim of this paper is to investigate, utilising Kingdon’s Multiple Stream Framework (MSF), why Stockholm County Council decided to finance the

In previous research it has been accentuated that Swedish mass media has not produced mirrored images of war and genocide. Based on previous research this thesis seeks to analyze whether this corresponds with three events during the genocide in Srebrenica. The purpose of this study is to analyze how Svenska Dagbladet has formed and portrayed three events in relation to the public and what their pu

Abstract Brazil was military dictatorship for decades, but turned democracy in 1985, and was an improving democracy for many years, while several other Latin American countries fell back into authoritarianism. However, since 2009 the democratic outlook has looked bleaker, and Brazil is steadily sliding back into autocracy. This study seeks to explain why Brazil suddenly started autocratization. Th