Motivated by the rising importance of today’s environmental issues and more specifically the role of energy conservation policies, the current study investigates the Granger causal relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in eight European countries. Using a large dataset that overall spans from 1800-2009 the study employs the Toda-Yamamoto procedure and cointegration analysis w

In this thesis, the effectiveness of municipal climate policies aiming to influence citizens’ electricity consumption to address the sustainability challenge of climate change was investigated. The cases of two policies of the city of Frankfurt am Main, the electricity-saving counselling and electricity-saving premium, were considered. A qualitative research approach was taken, by conducting twent

Det skånska landskapet har sedan 1800talet varit starkt påverkat av lantbruket. Åar har rätats ut, fördjupats och kulverterats, vilket i kombination med en ökad gödsling har lett till ökat näringsläckage som gett konsekvenser i form av minskad biologisk mångfald och övergödning. Ett sätt att minska övergödningen är att anlägga vallbesådda skyddszoner längs vattendrag. Lantbrukare kan få ersättningThe landscape of Scania in southern Sweden has been heavily influenced by agriculture since the 1800s. Rivers have been straightened, deepened and culverted which in combination with increased fertilization has had consequences such as loss of biodiversity and eutrophication. One way to reduce eutrophication is to construct grass seeded buffer zones along watercourses. Farmers can receive compensa

The term the 'Jade Road' is very hard to find in English literature yet the Chinese term '玉石之路' exists within Chinese archaeological and cultural articles (and even in business and travel magazines) as a prehistory to the 'Silk Road'. Why has this term, 'Jade Road', escaped translation and explanation in English material and what facts and theories exist about it? T

The infrastructure and the traffic that it brings affect wild animals and thus the entire biodiversity. The human built up network of cities and connecting roads are major barriers for many species in the natural world, making it harder for them to move through the landscape. The more roads in a landscape, the more fragmented it gets and with it important habitats get degraded. Long-term effects f

This paper exploits one of the largest school construction programs on record, which took place in Indonesia in the 1970s, to estimate the causal effect of parental education on child human capital. I use variation in program exposure as an instrument for maternal and paternal length of schooling. The results show little evidence of a causal impact of parental education on child health and skills

This thesis aims to examine the lexical and typological change found in the Western European language families of Germanic, Romance and Celtic over the last two millennia. The method used was to create one lexical and one typological database and the data was analysed according to etic grids. Tree models were generated from the results of the databases and the groups found in the tree models were

During the last decades, the policies of trade liberalization and export promotion have been crucial to Central America's economic growth. Because of the linkages between trade and the environment, this dramatic shift in Central America’s trade patterns could have important implications for the environment and use of natural resources. This paper looks at the dynamics between trade and the env

Lantbruket har en påverkan på miljön och därmed jordens ekosystem. Det är viktigt att lantbruket utvecklas på ett sådant sätt att dess påverkan på ekosystemen bli så liten som möjlig. Processer i ekosystemen ger upphov till ekosystemtjänster. Det är ekosystemtjänsterna som ger oss mat, reglerar klimatet, gör näringscykler möjliga med mycket mer. Ett hållbart lantbruk bör därför inte påverka ekosysAgriculture has an impact on the environment and therefore the ecosystems. It is important that the agriculture is managed in such a way that the impacts on the ecosystems are as small as possible. The processes in the ecosystems give rise to ecosystem services. It is the ecosystem services that give us food, regulates the climate, fuel nutrient cycles and a lot more. A sustainable agriculture sho

Author: Peter Andréasson Title: Can’t you choose for me? – A study on the effects of consumer choice within elder-care on the home-care organizers [translated title] Supervisor: Peter Andersson The aim of this essay was to study the way home care organizers (HCO) see their role with regards to the situation that arises when an elderly person is put to the choice of which home care provider they w

In many urban spaces in the United States, the personal vehicle continues to shape the landscape in unsustainable ways that prioritize the economically and socially dominant groups in society and cater to urban sprawl. Equitable access to density-promoting public transportation is often marginalized, creating transportation challenges for economically and socially disadvantaged groups. Throughout

This report is a master thesis authored at Lund University. The goal is to evaluate advantages and disadvantages using different methods when mapping and identifying dependencies and impacts to urban flows for societal functions. Urban flows is a new concept used in dependency analysis and therefore one of the aims is to investigate whether this concept is practically useful or if it is too comple

In order to manage the image of a city in a highly medialized world it is important that the key features of the brand is correlating with the overall media image. This paper exams the impact of Malmö Stads vision-report in the media portrayal of the city between 1997-2012. The aim is to describe, explain and problematize the media image of Malmö in the biggest swedish publications and compare tha

Voyage charterparties, as one of the most common carriage contracts, has its own specific provisions which govern the legal relationship of the engaged parties. One of those specifications relates to the concept of laytime which is defined as the time during which the charterer can load or discharge the cargo. In this work the author tries to discuss the requirements that should be fulfilled to co

The Japanese evidentials yooda and rashii both express inference, but it is difficult to articulate their difference. This paper presents a new theory that can explain the practical use of said evidentials, including cases that are problematic for previous research. A secondary use where they adjectivize a noun or predicate has also been taken into consideration, to avoid cross-contamination betwe

Understanding affordance is a bottom-up process that lets simple visual features be used as clues on how to use an object, so that reasonable interactions with objects can be achieved, without any semantic knowledge. Linear splines are proposed as a way for robots to fast and continuously learn how their actions affect their surroundings. The general conclusions that they can draw from only little

In a wastewater treatment plant, particles (activated sludge) are separated from the liquid in a process called continuous sedimentation. This process is of crucial importance when purifying water in a wastewater treatment plant. This report will focus on a special case of sedimentation, namely batch sedimentation, which means that no flux into or out from the sedimentation tank are present. The g