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Björn Larsson
The Swedish Ageing With Spinal Cord Injury Study (SASCIS): Methodology and Initial Results
The heritable basis of gene–environment interactions in cardiometabolic traits
Aims/hypothesis: Little is known about the heritable basis of gene–environment interactions in humans. We therefore screened multiple cardiometabolic traits to assess the probability that they are influenced by genotype–environment interactions. Methods: Fourteen established environmental risk exposures and 11 cardiometabolic traits were analysed in the VIKING study, a cohort of 16,430 Swedish adu
Manual control switches : Their impacts on energy savings
Cell size and growth regulation in the Arabidopsis thaliana apical stem cell niche
Cell size and growth kinetics are fundamental cellular properties with important physiological implications. Classical studies on yeast, and recently on bacteria, have identified rules for cell size regulation in single cells, but in the more complex environment of multicellular tissues, data have been lacking. In this study, to characterize cell size and growth regulation in a multicellular conte
Family history of venous thromboembolism and mortality after venous thromboembolism : a Swedish population-based cohort study
Studies on whether family history (FH) of venous thromboembolism (VTE) affects long-term mortality after VTE are missing. The aim of this study was to determine whether FH of VTE affects long-term mortality after a first episode of VTE. Using Swedish medical databases, we conducted a 30-year nationwide cohort study of 49,159 adult Swedish born patients included in the multi-generation register (bo
Evolutionary Genetics : Smells like a Pseudo-pseudogene
A new study reports the presence of a chemosensory pseudogene in Drosophila sechellia, which in spite of carrying a premature stop-codon nevertheless encodes a fully functional and full-length protein. Such ‘pseudo-pseudogenes’ might well be a widespread phenomenon.
Comparison of lipases and glycoside hydrolases as catalysts in synthesis reactions
Lipases and glycoside hydrolases have large similarities concerning reaction mechanisms. Acyl-enzyme intermediates are formed during lipase-catalyzed reactions and in an analogous way, retaining glycoside hydrolases form glycosyl-enzyme intermediates during catalysis. In both cases, the covalent enzyme intermediates can react with water or other nucleophiles containing hydroxyl groups. Simple alco
Cripteori : Var står den? Vart går den
Regio- and Stereoselective Alkylation of Pyridine-N-oxides : Synthesis of Substituted Piperidines and Pyridines
Regio- and stereoselective addition of alkyl Grignard reagents to pyridine-N-oxides gave C2-alkylated N-hydroxy-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridines and trans-2,3-disubstituted N-hydroxy-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridines in good to excellent yields. These intermediates were aromatized or alternatively reduced in one-pot methodologies for efficient syntheses of alkylpyridines or piperidines, respectively. These r
Impaired contraction and decreased detrusor innervation in a female rat model of pelvic neuropraxia
Introduction and hypothesis: Bilateral pelvic nerve injury (BPNI) is a model of post-radical hysterectomy neuropraxia, a common sequela. This study assessed the time course of changes to detrusor autonomic innervation, smooth muscle (SM) content and cholinergic-mediated contraction post-BPNI. Methods: Female Sprague–Dawley rats underwent BPNI or sham surgery and were evaluated 3, 7, 14, and 30 day
Ionization of Cellobiose in Aqueous Alkali and the Mechanism of Cellulose Dissolution
Cellulose, one of the most abundant renewable resources, is insoluble in most common solvents but dissolves in aqueous alkali under a narrow range of conditions. To elucidate the solubilization mechanism, we performed electrophoretic NMR on cellobiose, a subunit of cellulose, showing that cellobiose acts as an acid with two dissociation steps at pH 12 and 13.5. Chemical shift differences between c
Effects of acute and chronic stress on telencephalic neurochemistry and gene expression in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
By filtering relevant sensory inputs and initiating stress responses, the brain is an essential organ in stress coping and adaptation. However, exposure to chronic or repeated stress can lead to allostatic overload, where neuroendocrinal and behavioral reactions to stress become maladaptive. This work examines forebrain mechanisms involved in allostatic processes in teleost fishes. Plasma cortisol
Integrating the Strands of Victorian Diversity
This roundtable article provides responses to the other contributions, emphasizing the need for connecting various research strands in Victorian Studies, and considering international aspects. The essay ends with a proposal to take inspiration from the method of microhistorical morphology, forcing the scholar to consider many different contexts.
In-Situ Non-intrusive Diagnostics of Toluene Removal by a Gliding Arc Discharge Using Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence
A non-equilibrium gliding arc discharge anchored on two diverging stainless steel electrodes was extended into open air by a toluene-containing air jet. The removal process of the toluene by the non-equilibrium gliding arc discharge was investigated through in situ and non-intrusive laser-based techniques. Simultaneous planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) of toluene and OH radicals were employ
Validation of the Spanish Catquest-9SF in patients with a monofocal or trifocal intraocular lens
Purpose To validate the Spanish Catquest-9SF and study patient-reported visual function after implantation of a trifocal versus a monofocal intraocular lens (IOL). setting Clinica Baviera, Valencia and Madrid, Spain. Design Prospective case series. Methods The Catquest-9SF was translated from English to Spanish according to a standard procedure. The Spanish version was validated through Rasch anal
Automated selection of bone texture regions on hand radiographs : Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative
Manual selection of finger trabecular bone texture regions on hand X-ray images is time-consuming, tedious, and observer-dependent. Therefore, we developed an automated method for the region selection. The method selects square trabecular bone regions of interest above and below the second to fifth distal and proximal interphalangeal joints. Two regions are selected per joint (16 regions per hand)
Detection of acidification limit in anaerobic membrane bioreactors at ambient temperature
High-volume, low-strength industrial wastewaters constitute a large potential for biogas production, which could be realized by membrane bioreactors operating at the ambient temperature of the wastewater. However, the start-up of low-temperature anaerobic processes using unadapted inoculum can be sensitive to overloading, which results in acidification. This study assessed if a novel acidification
COX7A2L/SCAFI and pre-complex III modify respiratory chain supercomplex formation in different mouse strains with a Bcs1l mutation
The COX7A2L (Supercomplex Assembly Factor I, SCAFI) protein has been proposed to be a mitochondrial supercomplex assembly factor required for respirasome (supercomplex containing complexes I, III, and IV) formation. In the C57BL/6 mouse strain a homozygous in-frame 6-base-pair deletion in the COX7a2l/SCAF1 gene resulting in unstable protein and suggesting loss of function was previously identified