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The end-Permian mass extinction was the most severe biotic crisis in Earth’s history. In its direct aftermath, microbial communities were abundant on shallow-marine shelves around the Tethys. They colonized the space left vacant after the dramatic decline of skeletal metazoans. The presence of sponges and sponge microbial bioherms has largely gone unnoticed due to the sponges’ size and the cryptic
Spatially-distributed values of glacier aerodynamic roughness (z0) are vital for robust estimates of turbulent energy fluxes and ice and snow melt. Microtopographic data allow rapid estimates of z0 over discrete plot-scale areas, but are sensitive to data scale and resolution. Here, we use an extensive multi-scale dataset from Hintereisferner, Austria, to develop a correction factor to derive z0 v
Background: Research has indicated that interactive, computerized case simulations using immersive virtual reality (VR) technology may be beneficial in the augmentation of conventional methods of assessment and treatment in forensic psychiatry, primarily through providing an engaging and safe environment in which the user can practice and learn skills and behaviors. However, there does not appear
Fiji is a Small Island Developing State (SIDS) in the Pacific Ocean, with relatively population mobility. In this context, we study the individual-level characteristics of Fijian internal migration. Hence, our contribution lies in investigating migrant selectivity and differences in migratory behavior of different subgroups of the Fijian population. Specifically, we focus on factors such as gender
Purpose–This study aims to assess the associations of early marriage and spousal age difference(independent of early marriage) with reproductive and sexual health and autonomy in decision-making amongmarried women before conception.Design/methodology/approach–The present study was a part of a three-year community intervention toimprove the preconception health of young married women (20–35 years)
This article uses 1910 Japan–British Exhibition as a case study for examining the strategies employed by Japanese leaders to win Western acceptance for Japan as a ‘great power’ in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Like other contemporaneous imperial powers, Japanese leaders employed colonial imagery and discourses of otherness at large expositions to raise their status compared to
A key factor for the insulin response to oral glucose is the pro-glucagon derived incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), together with the companion incretin hormone, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). Studies in GIP and GLP-1 receptor knockout (KO) mice have been undertaken in several studies to examine this role of the incretin hormones. In the present study, we revie
In 1876, the Kaitakushi, the Japanese government agency responsible for the settlement of the northern island of Hokkaido, hired three Americans from Massachusetts Agricultural College: William Smith Clark, William Wheeler and David Pearce Penhallow. Their task was to establish a comparable institution in Hokkaido, Sapporo Agricultural College, that would spread American-style scientific agricultu
Were the ordinary citizens of imperial metropoles during the 19th and 20th centuries arduous supporters or apathetic observers of their country's colonial expansionism, or did their relationship to empire fall somewhere in between? Although this is a central question for understanding the how and why of modern imperialism and evaluating responsibility for colonial wrongs, scholars in the only loos
The study of popular imperialism, or the extent to which the ordinary citizens of an imperial metropole were aware of and supported their country’s imperial expansion, provides a crucial empirical basis for evaluating the causes of and responsibility for colonial aggression. Nevertheless, this topic has received considerably less attention than comparable topics like fascism, genocide or nationali
What trans-imperial connections existed between the French and Japanese Empires? One example that is frequently recounted in Japanese colonial historiography involves the 1895 advice of French legal expert Michel Revon over what administrative system Japan should adopt in Taiwan. According to these accounts, Revon advocated a French assimilationist system for the island in a policy brief that woul
The power curve provides a basis for predicting adjustments that animals make in flight speed, for example in relation to wind, distance, habitat foraging quality and objective. However, relatively few studies have examined how animals respond to the landscape below them, which could affect speed and power allocation through modifications in climb rate and perceived predation risk. We equipped hom
I denna studie görs en uppdaterad analys av den länsvisa tillgången på skogsbaserade rest- och biprodukter i form av grenar och toppas (grot) vid föryngringsavverkningar, bark från sågverk och massabruk, sågspån (och kutterspån) från sågverk samt lignin från svartlut i sulfatmassabruk som råvara för framtida produktion av biodrivmedel/bioflygbränsle. Analysen inkluderar också beräkningar av teoretThis study includes an updated analysis of the regional potential of forest-based residues and by-products in form of logging residues after final felling’s, bark in sawmills and pulp mills, sawdust in sawmills, and lignin from black liquor in pulp mills, as feedstocks for future production of biofuels and biojet fuels. The analysis also include calculations of theoretical transportation distances
A Dark Matter Science Project is being developed in the context of the ESCAPE project. The goal of this ESCAPE Science Project is to highlight the synergies between different communities and experiments searching for dark matter by producing new results and making the necessary data and software tools fully available, in particular focusing on data management, data analysis and computing. As part
The manufacturing of miniaturized components is indispensable in modern industries, where the uncut chip thickness (UCT) inevitably falls into a comparable magnitude with the tool edge radius. Under such circumstances, the ploughing phenomenon between workpiece and tool becomes predominant, followed by the notable formation of dead metal zone (DMZ) and piled-up chip. Although extensive models have
Two-particle angular correlations are measured in high-multiplicity proton-proton collisions at s = 13 TeV by the ALICE Collaboration. The yields of particle pairs at short-(∆η ∼ 0) and long-range (1.6 < |∆η| < 1.8) in pseudorapidity are extracted on the near-side (∆φ ∼ 0). They are reported as a function of transverse momentum (pT) in the range 1 < pT< 4 GeV/c. Furthermore, the event-scale depend
