The effect of random laser phase fluctuations on stimulated photon echoes (SPEs) and on coherently added SPEs was studied and evaluated both experimentally and analytically with statistical methods. The general concept of describing laser frequency fluctuations as a stationary stochastic process is presented and applied to three specific SPE configurations. The effect of phase fluctuations on eras

Absorption and fluorescence spectra of 2-R-5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles (R = H, methyl, tert-butyl, trifluoromethyl, amino, phenyl, benzyl) were studied experimentally and by time dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) methods. In acidic media a substantial red shift is observed due to the presence of conjugate acid forms. Two conjugate acid forms (3H and 4H) are possible for unsymmetrically su

Abstract in German Die CEAP-Klassifizierung für chronische Venenleiden wurde 1994 durch ein internationales Ad-hoc-Komitee des American Venous Forum entwickelt, durch die Society for Vascular Surgery unterstützt und 1995 in die „Reporting Standards in Venous Disease“ inkorporiert. Inzwischen benutzen die meisten publizierten klinischen Arbeiten das CEAPSystem, ganz oder in Teilen. Um die KlassifizThe CEAP classification for chronic venous disorders (CVD) was developed in 1994 by an international ad hoc committee of the American Venous Forum, endorsed by the Society for Vascular Surgery, and incorporated into "Reporting Standards in Venous Disease" in 1995. Today most published clinical papers use all or portions of CEAP. Rather than have it stand as a static classification system, an ad ho

Fungal laccase (Lc) from the basidiomycete Trametes hirsuta was immobilized on top of a carbon ceramic electrode using physical absorption. Direct, unmediated heterogeneous electron transfer between Lc and the carbon ceramic electrode (CCE) under aerobic conditions was shown. The bioelectrocatalytic reduction of oxygen on Lc-CCE started at about 430 mV vs. Ag vertical bar AgCl vertical bar KClsat

An enantioselective synthesis of (-)-pregaliellalactone (1), a biosynthetic precursor of the potent fungal metabolite ( -)-galiellalactone (3) produced by several ascomycetes, is reported. When fed to a culture of Galiella rufa, 1 was efficiently converted to 3. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Human cancers are characterized by chromosomal aberrations, and an increasing number of specific balanced rearrangements have been found among malignant hematologic disorders. Most solid tumors, however, exhibit a much more complex cytogenetic pattern. Although these chromosome changes show a nonrandom distribution, tumor-specific aberrations are uncommon, and the solid tumors often contain a larg

Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a 21 amino acid peptide exerts a wide range of biological activities including vasoconstriction, mitogenesis and inotropic effects on the heart. In this study, we examined whether endocardial endothelial cells express ET-1 and evaluated its functional properties. Using immunofluorescence localization method, we demonstrated cytoplasmic staining of ET-1 in the human endocardial

For combustors a heat transfer augmentation of two to five times higher than expected has been reported. Experiments, where the temperature profile in the tail pipe of the pulse combustor has been measured, give no indication why the heat transfer should be augmented. The objective is to study the heat transfer of an oscillating flow between two parallel plates. A set of governing equations is for

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the significance of ACE gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the frequency of autoimmune manifestations in sarcoidosis. DESIGN: In patients with sarcoidosis the ACE gene I/D polymorphism was detected with PCR on genomic DNA. The patients with sarcoidosis were divided according to the presence (n = 30) or absence (n = 32) of autoimmune manifestations. The former

I en postmodern kontext blir traditionell religionskritik, som bygger på förnekandet av Guds metafysiska existens, irrelevant. Speciellt gäller detta när religionen förstås anti-realistiskt. Möjligheten till religionskritik är därmed dock inte uttömd hävdar artikeln. Exempelvis kan relevansen av en religiös reaktion inför existentiella erfarenheter ifrågasättas. En sammanvägning görs av hur religi

Three properdin deficiency phenotypes have been reported--complete deficiency (type I), incomplete deficiency (type II), and dysfunction of properdin protein (type III)--all associated with increased susceptibility to meningococcal disease. Expression of properdin by monocytes was examined in type I deficiency and in two unrelated cases with type II deficiency, one from a Swedish and one from a Da

Interactions between two like-charged macroions in the presence of their counterions confined in a cylindrical cell have been investigated by Monte Carlo simulations. The mean force and the potential of mean force (pmf) as a function of the macroion separation have been determined at conditions at which short-range attractions become significant. As the electrostatic coupling is increased, the nat

The historical development of company law in Sweden.