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Railway traffic usually adheres to a timetable, but in Sweden, around two-thirds of the freight trains depart before they are scheduled, often by hours. Even though they occur in real operations, early departures have rarely been included in simulation studies and the effects on punctuality are not fully investigated. With a macroscopic simulation tool such as PROTON, large networks can be simulat
Inherited resistance to activated protein C (APC-resistance) and protein S deficiency are associated with functional impairment of the protein C anticoagulant system, resulting in lifelong hypercoagulability andincreased risk of thrombosis. APC-resistance is the most common genetic cause of thrombosis being present in 20% to 60% of thrombosis patients.A linkage study was performed in a large throm
One great advantage of optical hyperspectral remote sensing from unmanned aerial systems (UAS) compared to satellite missions is the possibility to fly and collect data below clouds. The most typical scenario is flying below intermittent clouds and under turbulent conditions, which causes tilting of the platform. This study aims to advance hyperspectral imaging from UAS in most weather conditions
Seismic tomography is a new geophysical technique being developed to meet the needs of mining and engineering projects. Attenuation tomography, as one kind of seismic tomography technique, is a powerful prospecting tool for determining structure defaults such as fault, broken zone, and hidden voids, but it has been little discussed up to now. Its principle and applications are presented in detail.
The individual- and patch-based peatland-vegetation model LPJ-GUESS was employed to study past and future peatland carbon dynamics across the pan-Arctic. A substantial reduction in peatland sink capacity, expected under rapid global warming, has the potential to trigger important climate feedbacks.
In this sixth edition of the Excellent MSc Dissertation series, eight students present condensed versions of their Master’s theses, completed for the MSc degree in Media and Communication Studies at Lund University. Viewed together, the eight dissertations comprising this book illustrate three key themes of media and communication scholarship. The first is the central role of media and communicati
In this seventh edition of the Excellent MSc Dissertation series, four students present condensed versions of their Master’s theses, completed for the MSc degree in Media and Communication Studies at Lund University. Separately and together, the four contributions in this book exemplify what staff at the Department of Communication and Media consider to comprise an excellent dissertation at the Ma
SCOPE: Evidence suggests a positive association between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to investigate associations between UPF intake and respiratory disease, CVD, and their multimorbidity in a large prospective cohort.METHODS AND RESULTS: Within the UK Biobank, participants who were free from respiratory disease or CVD at baselin
The Svalbard Rock Ptarmigan, Lagopus muta hyperborea, is the only year-round resident terrestrial bird in the high Arctic. Many of the physiological and morphological adaptations permitting its winter endurance in this harsh environment are well understood. However, it remains unknown how the conspicuous moult from a greyish brown summer to a white winter plumage, and any underlying changes in pluThe Svalbard Rock Ptarmigan, Lagopus muta hyperborea, is the only year-round resident terrestrial bird in the high Arctic. Many of the physiological and morphological adaptations permitting its winter endurance in this harsh environment are well understood. However, it remains unknown how the conspicuous moult from a greyish brown summer to a white winter plumage, and any underlying changes in plu
Understanding mitochondrial biology and pathology is key to understanding the evolution of animal form and function. However, mitochondrial measurement often involves invasive, or even terminal, sampling, which can be difficult to reconcile in wild models or longitudinal studies. Non-mammal vertebrates contain mitochondria in their red blood cells, which can be exploited for minimally invasive mit
Many animals downregulate body temperature to save energy when resting (rest-phase hypothermia). Small birds that winter at high latitudes have comparatively limited capacity for hypothermia and so pay large energy costs for thermoregulation during cold nights. Available evidence suggests this process is fueled by adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent mechanisms. Most ATP is produced by oxidative
BACKGROUND: Mood disorders and strokes are often comorbid, and their health toll worldwide is huge. This study characterizes prognostic and causal roles of mood disorders in stroke.METHODS: We tested if genetic susceptibilities for mood disorders were associated with all strokes, ischemic strokes in the Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort (24 631 individuals with a median follow-up of 21.3 (interquartile
Genome-encoded antibiotic resistance (ARE) ATP-binding cassette (ABC) proteins of the F subfamily (ARE-ABCFs) mediate intrinsic resistance in diverse Gram-positive bacteria. The diversity of chromosomally-encoded ARE-ABCFs is far from being fully experimentally explored. Here we characterise phylogenetically diverse genome-encoded ABCFs from Actinomycetia (Ard1 from Streptomyces capreolus, produce
Water is an essential parameter for fungal degradation of wood, but degradation primarily occursat high moisture levels at water potential in the range of -4 to -0.1 MPa, which corresponds to 97-99.9% relative humidity. At these moisture levels, water is present in the wood structure both inand outside of cell walls. The majority of previous studies on the interaction between wood andwater for unt
The relations between Gentiles and Jews in the Greco-Roman world generally appear to have been characterized by relative harmony. Although reciprocal stereotyping, hostility, and prejudice indeed existed among Jews and Gentiles, there is also ample evidence of positive Gentile-Jewish social interaction, at least within some strata of the population. This most likely took place in the context of va
For two-dimensional steady pure-gravity water waves with a unidirectional flow of constant favourable vorticity, we prove an explicit bound on the amplitude of the wave, which decays to zero as the vorticity tends to infinity. Notably, our result holds true for arbitrary water waves, that is, we do not have to restrict ourselves to periodic or solitary or symmetric waves.
We construct small amplitude gravity-capillary water waves with small nonzero vorticity, in three spatial dimensions, bifurcating from uniform flows. The waves are symmetric, and periodic in both horizontal coordinates. The proof is inspired by Lortz' construction of magnetohydrostatic equilibria in reflection-symmetric toroidal domains. It relies on a representation of the vorticity as the cross
We consider two-dimensional steady periodic gravity waves on water of finite depth with a prescribed but arbitrary vorticity distribution. The water surface is allowed to be overhanging and no assumptions regarding the absence of stagnation points and critical layers are made. Using conformal mappings and a new Babenko-type reformulation of Bernoulli's equation, we uncover an equivalent formulatio
The decarbonization of the energy-intensive and natural-resourced-based industries is associated with potentially large economic costs. In this paper, I explore how decarbonization may affect the profitability and market value of these industries. I also discuss the possibility of compensating for the investment costs through higher prices and enhanced productivity. I answer these questions using The decarbonization of the energy-intensive and natural-resourced-based industries is associated with potentially large economic costs. In this paper, I explore how decarbonization may affect the profitability and market value of these industries. I also discuss the possibility of compensating for the investment costs through higher prices and enhanced productivity. I answer these questions using
Inflation began to increase rapidly towards the end of 2021 and remained elevated throughout 2022. Higher energy prices contributed significantly to the increase in inflation. However, core-inflation, excluding the direct contribution of energy prices, was also significantly above the European Central Bank’s inflation target. Partially due to the highly expansionary monetary policy during the pandInflation began to increase rapidly all around the world towards the end of 2021, and it remained elevated throughout 2022. Higher energy prices contributed significantly to the increase in inflation. However, core inflation, excluding the direct contribution of energy prices, was also significantly above the European Central Bank’s inflation target, which was partially due to the highly expansion
