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Quality of life may be affected more by disease parameters and response to therapy than by haemoglobin changes

Earlier studies showing a negative impact of anaemia on quality of life (QOL) lack adequate adjustment for confounding factors such as disease stage and tumour response. We examined the impact of haemoglobin concentration on QOL scores of 745 multiple myeloma patients followed from diagnosis, adjusting for objective disease parameters. Data from two Nordic studies with the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionna

Mechanisms of molecular response in the optimal control of photoisomerization

We report on adaptive feedback control of photoinduced barrierless isomerization of 1,1'-diethyl-2,2'-cyanine in solution. We compare the effect of different fitness parameters and show that optimal control of the absolute yield of isomerization (photoisomer concentration versus excitation photons) can be achieved, while the relative isomerization yield (photoisomer concentration versus number of

Photodynamic therapy vs. cryosurgery of basal cell carcinomas: results of a phase III clinical trial

Background A previously reported randomized clinical trial showed treatment of Bowen's disease using photodynamic therapy (PDT) with topically applied delta -aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) to be at least as effective as cryosurgery and to be associated with fewer adverse effects. Objectives To compare ALA-PDT and cryotherapy in the treatment of histopathologically verified basal cell carcinomas (BCCs)

Body condition of shorebirds upon arrival at their Siberian breeding grounds

Arctic breeding shorebirds carry substantial body stores on their long-distance migrations from their non-breeding grounds. Upon arrival at the breeding area the remains of these stores can be used for egg formation, insurance against poor feeding conditions or rebuilding organs. We quantified body condition (body mass, total body water, lean body mass and fat mass estimated using the deuterium di

Reliable geographical multicast routing in vehicular ad-hoc networks

Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) offer a large number of new potential applications without relying on significant infrastructure. Many of these applications benefit from multi-hop relaying of information, thus requiring a routing protocol. Characteristics unique to VANETs (such as high mobility and the need for geographical addressing) make many conventional ad hoc routing protocols unsuitable.

Computational Cost of Verifying Enforceable Contracts

This paper explores a new method for evaluating the cost of verifying a contract. We relate these costs to the number of computations an algorithm needs to check that a contract satisfies certain criteria. Two different criteria that facilitate enforcement of the contract are studied. Our findings indicate bounds on the computational costs as the size of the contract grows. If each computation cos

Furfural, 5-hydroxymethyl furfural, and acetoin act as external electron acceptors during anaerobic fermentation of xylose in recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The electron acceptors acetoin, acetaldehyde, furfural, and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) were added to anaerobic batch fermentation of xylose by recombinant, xylose utilising Saccharomyces cerevisiae TMB 3001. The intracellular fluxes during xylose fermentation before and after acetoin addition were calculated with metabolic flux analysis. Acetoin halted xylitol excretion and decreased the flux t

Sequential administration of GDNF into the substantia nigra and striatum promotes dopamine neuron survival and axonal sprouting but not striatal reinnervation or functional recovery in the partial 6-OHDA lesion model

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) has prominent survival-promoting effects on lesioned nigrostriatal dopamine neurons, but understanding of the conditions under which functional recovery can be obtained remains to be acquired. We report here the time course of nigrostriatal axon degeneration in the partial lesion model of Parkinson's disease and the morphological and functional ef

Comparison of semen parameters in samples collected by masturbation at a clinic and at home

OBJECTIVE: To investigate differences in semen quality between samples collected by masturbation at a clinic and at home. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Fertility center. PATIENT(S): Three hundred seventy-nine men assessed for infertility. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Semen was analyzed according to World Health Organization guidelines. Seminal markers of epididymal (ne

The influence of neuropeptide Y and norepinephrine on ovulation in the rat ovary

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) was measured in tissue extracts from ovaries of rats treated with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG). The extracted NPY-immunoreactive material was identical to synthetic human NPY with regard to size and hydrophobicity as evaluated by gel filtration and high performance liquid chromatography. The concentration of NPY was related to the estrous cycle and a maximum was obs

Lentiviral Vectors for Use in the Central Nervous System.

Lentiviral vectors have been used extensively as gene transfer tools for the central nervous system throughout the past decade since they transduce most cell types in the brain, resulting in high-level and long-term transgene expression. This review discusses some of the recent progress in this field, including preclinical gene therapy experiments in disease models, development of regulated vector

The burden of rheumatoid arthritis and access to treatment: uptake of new therapies

This paper presents data on international differences in use of TNF inhibitors. It is part of a study on burden and cost of RA, access to new therapies and the role of HTA in determining access and cost-effectiveness. United States has the fastest most extensive use of the new drugs, about three times the average in the western European countries and Canada. Eastern and central European countries

Influence of added particles on the phase behavior of polymer solutions. Analysis by mean-field lattice theory

The influence of added colloidal particles on the phase stability of polymer solutions is investigated theoretically. The polymer has an affinity to the particle surface. A mean-field lattice theory based on the Flory-Huggins theory is used to calculate the phase behavior in solutions containing a single polymer component and particles. The particles are described in two different ways. The first

CD133+ and nestin+ tumor-initiating cells dominate in N29 and N32 experimental gliomas.

The current study was designed to critically evaluate the notion that cancer stem cell (CSC)-like cells constitute a subpopulation of cells within experimental gliomas. Virtually all cells within the N29 and N32 rat glioma models homogenously expressed CD133, the stem/progenitor marker nestin as well as the neural lineage markers glial fibrillary acidic protein, betaIII-tubulin, and CNPase in vitr

Gas diffusion electrodes and membrane electrode assemblies based on a sulfonated polysulfone for high-temperature PEMFC

Membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) with a sulfonated polysulfone (sPSU) as the proton-conducting phase were fuel cell evaluated at varying temperatures in over-humidified conditions. The sPSU was prepared by a direct polycondensation involving a commercially available sulfonated naphthalene diol monomer. The gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) and MEAs were successfully fabricated and a thorough mor

Impact of coil embolization on overall management and outcome of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

Objective: We report on the consequences of introducing coil embolization for the total management of and outcome in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Methods: In southern Sweden, a prospective analysis of all patients with SAH of verified aneurysmal origin was conducted during the 3 years when coiling was gradually being introduced. The incidence of acute or chronic hydrocephalus, vaso

The Synchrotron Radiation and Free Electron Laser Project MAX IV at MAX-lab

The proposed MAX IV facility at MAX-lab, Lund University is presented. The project consists of two storage rings at 1.5 and 3 GeV respectively, a 3 GeV linac injector, a facility for short pulses and a Free Electron Laser. The storage rings will cover a broad spectral range and are designed to reach the diffraction limit in a large wavelength range. A new innovative magnet concept and lattice form

Human glandular kallikrein 2 levels in serum for discrimination of pathologically organ-confined from locally-advanced prostate cancer in total PSA-levels below 10 ng/ml

BACKGROUND: We measured serum levels of human glandular kallikrein 2 (hK2) in patients treated with radical retropubic prostatectomy (rrP) for clinically localized prostate cancer (PCa) with a total PSA (tPSA)-level below 10 ng/ml to investigate whether hK2 can be applied to preoperatively distinguish organ-confined (pT2a/b) from nonorgan-confined (> or = pT3a)-PCa more accurately than total PSA.

Hematopoietic stem cell aging: Mechanism and consequence

Advancing age is frequented by the onset of a variety of hematological conditions characterized by diminished homeostatic control of blood cell production. The fact that upstream hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells are obligate mediators of homeostatic control of all blood lineages, has implicated the involvement of these cells in the pathophysiology of these conditions. Indeed, evidence from