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Misfolding, self-assembly, and subsequent deposition of amyloid β plaques and tau tangles are closely associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and its neurodegenerative processes, driving healthy neurons into a diseased state. At present, AD is the most widespread form of dementia, causing profound personal and familial hardship as well as imposing a substantial societal economic burden.Currently,The purpose of the work that forms the basis of this thesis has been to investigate fundamental properties of amyloid β and tau self-assembly and their solubility. The results of this research are presented as five research articles. In Paper I, a solubility assay for determining the solubility of amyloid proteins is developed and its use demonstrated for the Aβ40 peptide. Paper II finds that tau

The Collisional Orogeny in the Scandinavian Caledonides (COSC) project focuses on processes related to the closure of the Iapetus Ocean, causing the Ordovician–Silurian continent– continent collision between Baltica and Laurentia. The rock succession in the second drill core (COSC-2) from the Jämtland County, central Sweden, provides the base for detailed sedimentological, stratigraphic, geophysic

Cities typically treat migration and sustainability as separate policy domains. When migration is highlighted in the context of sustainability in urban destination areas, it is typically understood to have no, or at worst, negative impacts on sustainability. As a result, migration and migrants are commonly left out of sustainability policy and planning. Here, we present emerging evidence to refram

Antibodies and avidity maturation contribute to long-lasting immunity, and previous COVID-19 seems to enhance the immune response after vaccination. The aim of this study was to compare the immune response after vaccination between COVID-19 convalescents and naïve patients. Blood samples from COVID-19 convalescents and naïve patients, taken 1, 3 and 6 months after the second dose of vaccine (mRNA-

Psychedelic-assisted therapy is becoming increasingly acknowledged as an effective therapeutic intervention for various psychiatric illnesses. However, the evaluation of masking success is rarely reported in trials. The objective of the present systematic review was to evaluate placebo-control and masking in studies exploring psychedelic-assisted therapy. Nine (k = 9) studies dating between Januar

Trafficking in human organs, cells, and tissues has long been a source of concern for health authorities and professionals, and several international ethical guidance documents and national laws have affirmed the prohibition of trade in these substances of human origin (SoHOs). However, despite considerable attention to the issue of organ trafficking, this remains a substantial and widespread prob

Recension av Karin Westin Tikkanens bok Latin: handbok i odödlighet

In this article, square-root formulations of the statistical linear regression filter and smoother are developed. Crucially, the method uses QR decompositions rather than Cholesky downdates. This makes the method inherently more numerically robust than the downdate based methods, which may fail in the face of rounding errors. This increased robustness is demonstrated in an ill-conditioned problem,

Effective preprocessing of electroencephalography (EEG) data is fundamental for deriving meaningful insights. Independent component analysis (ICA) serves as an important step in this process by aiming to eliminate undesirable artifacts from EEG data. However, the decision on which and how many components to be removed remains somewhat arbitrary, despite the availability of both automatic and manua

Background: When a potential stem cell donor to a seriously ill child is a healthy sibling below 18 years, Swedish parents have the legal right and obligation to decide on behalf of the donor child. However, there are potentially conflicting loyalties when parents have one severely ill child in need for a cure and one healthy child who will be subjected to medical procedures. This study explored p

Here we report on findings for four rock samples with melt texture found in a gravel pit within a glaciofluvial deposit near the small town of Kitkiöjärvi in northernmost Sweden. The samples are comprised of granitic clasts embedded in a brown fine-grained melt matrix. The samples all contain quartz grains and/or clasts exhibiting multiple sets of planar deformation features oriented parallel to c

The avoidance of financial gain in the human body is an international ethical standard that underpins efforts to promote equity in donation and transplantation and to avoid the exploitation of vulnerable populations. The avoidance of financial loss due to donation of organs, tissues, and cells is also now recognized as an ethical imperative that fosters equity in donation and transplantation and s

Makerspaces are becoming increasingly popular due to their capacity for hands-on learning, innovation, collaboration, and the democratisation of technology. While numerous studies have explored makerspace users, they have largely focused on contexts within the Global North or China, leaving a significant gap in understanding the demographics and experiences of individuals who frequent these spaces

Purpose: To analyse graft detachment rates after Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) using surgeon-cut grafts and pre-cut grafts transported in different mediums. Methods: A retrospective study of graft detachment rates including 265 surgeries (240 patients) performed between 2019 and 2023. The DSAEK grafts were either surgeon-cut (n = 135) or pre-cut and transported in a

This study examines how one may detect Parkinson’s disease (PD) by analyzing voice recordings made with a mobile phone. The key objectives include creating a model that ensures fair and unbiased predictions while maintaining interpretability that is consistent with the existing literature on PD. We introduce a novel group-wise scaling method to address typical age and biological sex biases in the

Altricial songbirds transform themselves from naked poikilotherms to fully feathered endothermic homeotherms over a matter of days from hatching to fledging. The ontogeny of endothermy is a developmental milestone for birds that not only face warmer average temperatures, but also increasingly frequent cold snaps and extreme weather. The timing of development of endothermy has been studied in altri

Ultraviolet rays are known to have positive effect on psoriasis, but the cold climate and latitude in Northern Europe reduce access to the sun. Climatotherapy is a treatment modality where the patient is relocated to a warmer region with a high ultraviolet (UV) index. Young patients with psoriasis can be particularly burdened by the disease, and studies have shown an association between psoriasis