This report is a master thesis authored at Lund University. The goal is to evaluate advantages and disadvantages using different methods when mapping and identifying dependencies and impacts to urban flows for societal functions. Urban flows is a new concept used in dependency analysis and therefore one of the aims is to investigate whether this concept is practically useful or if it is too comple

In order to manage the image of a city in a highly medialized world it is important that the key features of the brand is correlating with the overall media image. This paper exams the impact of Malmö Stads vision-report in the media portrayal of the city between 1997-2012. The aim is to describe, explain and problematize the media image of Malmö in the biggest swedish publications and compare tha

Voyage charterparties, as one of the most common carriage contracts, has its own specific provisions which govern the legal relationship of the engaged parties. One of those specifications relates to the concept of laytime which is defined as the time during which the charterer can load or discharge the cargo. In this work the author tries to discuss the requirements that should be fulfilled to co

The Japanese evidentials yooda and rashii both express inference, but it is difficult to articulate their difference. This paper presents a new theory that can explain the practical use of said evidentials, including cases that are problematic for previous research. A secondary use where they adjectivize a noun or predicate has also been taken into consideration, to avoid cross-contamination betwe

Understanding affordance is a bottom-up process that lets simple visual features be used as clues on how to use an object, so that reasonable interactions with objects can be achieved, without any semantic knowledge. Linear splines are proposed as a way for robots to fast and continuously learn how their actions affect their surroundings. The general conclusions that they can draw from only little

In a wastewater treatment plant, particles (activated sludge) are separated from the liquid in a process called continuous sedimentation. This process is of crucial importance when purifying water in a wastewater treatment plant. This report will focus on a special case of sedimentation, namely batch sedimentation, which means that no flux into or out from the sedimentation tank are present. The g

This thesis explores the gender earnings gaps in urban Ecuador during the period between 2003 and 2012. The difference between the female average earnings and the male average earnings increases from 7% in 2003 to 12% in 2012. Thus, exploring if this increase is a common pattern of the gender earnings gap across the distribution, the links between the gaps and occupational segregation, the differe

The importance of entrepreneurship in our society is the way it stimulate the markets through alertness to opportunities, and being creational of new opportunity-ideas. However, entrepreneurship is usually constrained by normative, regulative and cognitive mechanisms that enforces and forms the basis on which the entrepreneur operates. This leads us to the primary question of this thesis: to ident

When consumers today navigate and shop online they meet different types of advertisements, both directly on the e-commerce website and through other channels. Many companies use personalized marketing as a way to create relationships with consumers. However, personalization today is a sensitive area and often twinned with privacy issues. Many consumers feel as they are being stalked. The purpose o

In this work two versions of Oauth have been analyzed, the protocol OAuth 1.0a and the newer framework OAuth 2.0. A higher version number is often considered a good thing, but OAuth 2.0 has encountered much criticism. It has been criticised of not being safe enough while OAuth 1.0a was criticised of being very complicated protocol to implement, which has stopped it from growing as expected. The fo

Public transportation gets paralyzed every year when winter conditions occur and the purpose of this thesis has been to summarize experiences from tram cities, mainly in Scandinavia, and suggest solutions to the problems identified. Material was collected from Stockholm, Gothenburg, Norrköping, Oslo, Trondheim, Helsinki and Budapest. Operating the tramway during winter leads to problems specific t

The number of reported errors on the catenary is relatively few in comparison with errors relating to the remaining parts of the railway system. This is an interesting fact, as errors linked to the catenary causes 30% of the total train delays. The substantial delay effect may be due to the many different companies participating in the railway business, and the several technical components correla

Gender not only pervades how people use the ICT, but also influences whether or not and how much they use them. This study, making use of the latest possible secondary data, studies the possible gender digital divide among users of ICT in both developed and developing countries. I move the study of gender digital divide from an early narrow perspective of ICT access and usage patterns among biolog

Bakgrund: Obesitaskirurgi är på stark frammarsch över hela den industrialiserade vårdapparaten, det senaste decenniet har antalet operationer i Sverige ökat med flera tusen procent och samhället hoppas kunna spara stora pengar med hjälp av denna radikala intervention mot folkhälsoproblemet fetma. Syfte: Syftet med denna retrospektiva analys är att kartlägga det postoperativa förloppet hos GBP-pati

Several challenges face small grassroots movements and human rights organizations when trying to draw the world’s attention their cause. In today’s world of technological development and readily available internet, they’re not only competing against other local movements, but against movements around the globe. Simply being a member of a just cause will not guarantee a following of dedicated suppo

Husköpet är ett av de viktigaste köpen en privatperson gör i sitt liv. När ett nytt hus köps av en entreprenör ska konsumenten kunna vara säker på att konstruktionen är hållbar. Under mitten 1990-talet dök det upp ett nytt sätt i byggbranschen att bygga småhus på. Dessa byggdes med enstegstätade fasader, som på den tiden ansågs vara ett rätt och bra sätt att bygga på. Efter några år upptäckte däre

This thesis was an attempt to examine how existentialism could be used in social work by using it to interpret how youths with experience from an institutional environment understand their existence. This was done by a hermeneutic-phenomenological interpretation of texts written by the youths in two published books. The youths’ understanding of their existence were put into themes and presented as

Genom 1990 års skattereform separerades kapitalinkomster och arbetsinkomster. Det infördes särskilda regler som hindrar delägare i fåmansföretag att ta ut arbetsinkomster som lägre beskattad utdelning eller avyttring av aktier. Att inneha företagsformen fåmansbolag ska vara neutral gentemot andra företagsformer. Endast delägare som varit aktiva i bolaget berörs av 3:12 reglerna och den centrala av