A recent new strategy for the transformation of mono-dioxolane protected 1,3-cyclohexadione into bridgehead hydroxyl bicyclo[2.2.2]octane derivatives, based on allylindation followed by ozonolysis and intramolecular aldol addition, was modified to include asymmetric allylindation. This enabled the first enantioselective synthesis of (1R,4R,6S)-endo-4-(tert-butyl-dimethyl-silyloxy)-6-hydroxy-bicycl

In the area of environment adaptations for people with physical disabilities, it is of vital importance that the design is optimized considering the human-environment interactions. All involved persons in such a planning process must be given sufficient support in understanding the information, so that everyone can participate actively. There is an apparent risk that discussions will be kept betwe

Development of autoimmune disease is the result of activation of the immune system that subsequently leads to tissue destruction. Although the clinical outcome significantly differs between autoimmune diseases, some pathogenic pathways could be shared. During the recent years, intense efforts to find the genetic factors behind development of the complex and polygenic autoimmune diseases have been

Radiolabelled monoclonal IgM rheumatoid factors, four from patients with type II essential cryoglobulinaemia and one originating from a patient with rheumatoid arthritis, were tested for binding to group A, B, C and G streptococci and Escherichia coli. Two of the preparations exhibited different binding patterns for the streptococci, whereas the remaining three were not reactive. The binding of on

This study has focused on structures formed through the release of lipid membrane material from milk fat globules. The aim of the study was to describe vesicles in the cream plasma and processing-induced vesicular structures in cream and buttermilk. The dairy samples were divided into three fractions through centrifugation, using DO for density control. These fractions were examined using cryogeni

The emissions of particles, and gaseous compounds, into the ambient air from biomass-fired moving grate boilers were characterized under different boiler operation conditions. The boilers had a thermal capacity of similar to1 MW. The flue gas cleaning systems consisted of multicyclones for the removal of coarse particles. Dry wood fuel that consisted of shavings, wood chips, and sawdust from a loc

In this paper, we propose a method for the estimation of the fundamental frequency of a periodic waveform based on the shift-invariance property of the sinusoidal signal model known from ESPRIT. An advantage of the proposed method is that the model order and the fundamental frequency can be found jointly and that the method does not depend on the density of the observation noise but rather on it b

The development of alternative treatment regimens in clinical oncology has increased the need for early prediction of cancer therapy outcome. The aim of this study was, early in the treatment phase, to identify patients with advanced head and neck cancer, responding or not responding to initiated therapy. The tumour metabolic rate of glucose (MRgl) examined by 2-18FDG-PET was determined in 17 pati

Forms of res judicata - Unwritten principle of EU law - National procedural autonomy v. EC supremacy - Revision of decisions v. state liability - Finality of administrative decisions v. judicial decisions - Higher respect for judicial decisions than for administrative decisions - Res judicata not absolute - ECJ itself under demands of legal certainty - Analogy between res judicata rules and rules

OBJECTIVE: To compare the outcome of patients operated on acutely for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) or otherwise symptomatic aortic aneurysms in a university hospital and in two county hospitals by the same group of vascular surgeons. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: 1 university and 2 county hospitals, Sweden. SUBJECTS: 108 patients operated on urgently for AAA, 81 at the univers

Antimicrobial peptides are generated during activation of the complement system [Nordahl et al. Proc. Nat1. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2004, 101:16879-16884]. Here we show that the anaphylatoxin C3a exerts antimicrobial effects against the yeast Candida. Fluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy analysis demonstrated that C3a-derived peptides bound to the cell surface of Candida, and induced membra

Hylander treated 144 species of Hieracium sect. Hieracium found in Scandinavian parks, 132 of which were described for the first time. However, he did not supply any determination key, only a few species were illustrated and hints about the differences between species were few. In addition, the species concept of Hylander was obviously much narrower than what has been agreed upon by those working

Medin amyloid is found in the medial layer of the aorta in almost 100% of the Caucasian population over 50 years of age. The medin fragment is 5.5 kDa and derives from the C2-like domain of the precursor protein lactadherin. We have previously reported immunohistochemical findings showing that medin amyloid co-localizes with elastic fibers of arteries and herein we show that lactadherin also is as