Biomass production efficiency (BPE), the ratio of biomass production to photosynthesis, varies greatly among ecosystems and typically increases with increasing nutrient availability. Reduced carbon partitioning to mycorrhizal fungi (i.e., per unit photosynthesis) is the hypothesized underlying mechanism, as mycorrhizal abundance and plant dependence on these symbionts typically decrease with incre

Ischemic stroke is the second most common cause of death worldwide and a major cause of disability. It takes place when the brain does not receive sufficient blood supply due to the blood clot in the vessels or narrowing of vessels’ inner space due to accumulation of fat products. Apart from thrombolysis (dissolving of blood clot) and thrombectomy (surgical removal of blood clot or widening of ves

Purpose: The aim of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of how children living in two homes after parents' separation experience their everyday lives. Design and Methods: An inductive qualitative design was chosen for the study using a hermeneutic phenomenological approach. Twelve children aged 10–13 years, and living in two homes, were interviewed. The data analysis used the four fundam

Background: Criteria for electrocardiographic detection of acute myocardial ischemia recommended by the Consensus Document of ESC/ACCF/AHA/WHF consist of two parts: The ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) criteria based on ST elevation (ST↑) in 10 pairs of contiguous leads and the other on ST depression (ST↓) in the same 10 contiguous pairs. Our aim was to assess sensitivity (SE) and specif

A pocket cavity is generated at the junction position of the Low Pressure Turbine (LPT) and the Outlet Guide Vane (OGV) in the rear part of a gas turbine engine. The OGV mainly controls the exhaust flow exiting and provides structural strength of the main engine frame. In the present work, the effect the location of the pocket on the heat transfer of the endwall with a symmetrical vane is investig

In this work, we investigated muonic atoms and molecules from a quantum chemist's viewpoint by incorporating muons in the CASSCF model. With the aim of predicting muonic X-ray energies, primitive muonic basis sets were developed for a selection of elements. The basis sets were then used in CASSCF calculations of various atoms and molecules to calculate muonic excited states. We described the influ

This study used multi-date Landsat images to quantify mangrove cover changes in the whole of Bangladesh from 1976 to 2015. Images were pre-processed with an atmospheric correction using Dark Object Subtraction (DOS) and Relative Radiometric Normalization (RRN) using Pseudo-Invariant Features (PIFs). Land Use/Land Cover (LU/LC) classification map was generated using Maximum Likelihood (MaxLike) alg

3D Direct Numerical Simulations of propagation of a single-reaction wave in forced, statistically stationary, homogeneous, isotropic, and constant-density turbulence, which is not affected by the wave, are performed in order to investigate the influence of the wave development on scaling (power) exponents for the turbulent consumption velocity UT as a function of the rms turbulent velocity u′, lam

In the process of evaluating a parallel twin-turbine pulseturbocharged concept, the results considering the turbine operation clearly pointed towards an axial type of turbine. The radial turbine design first analyzed was seen to suffer from suboptimum values of flow coefficient, stage loading and blade-speed-ratio. Modifying the radial turbine by both assessing the influence of "trim" and inlet ti

Raman spectra of soot particles were monitored in the gaseous flow extracted from the burning regions of two low-pressure premixed ethylene flames, for the first time. The flame conditions were chosen to explore the diversity of soot nanostructure in slightly sooting flames. Evaluation of the Raman spectral parameters revealed that the soot particles exhibited a strongly disordered structure and a

Head and neck skin cancer surgery using a full thickness skin graft is a common procedure. Evidence concerning the effects of perioperative antithrombotic treatment on complications is limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether perioperative antithrombotic treatment is associated with risk of necrosis, bleeding or infection after full thickness skin graft surgery. Retrospective single-

GCMs (general circulation models) are main tools for generating climate projections for climate change research in hydrology and water resources. Accordingly, evaluating the performance of these models in simulating future climate is very important for choice of proper models. In this study, performance of 20 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) model series was assessed using a t

In this study, a fundamental approach to the choice of turbocharger turbine for a pulse-charged heavy-duty diesel engine is presented. A standard six-cylinder engine build with a production exhaust manifold and a Twin-scroll turbocharger is used as a baseline case. The engine exhaust configuration is redesigned and evaluated in engine simulations for a pulse-charged concept consisting of a paralle

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate public health nurses’ experiences of using interpreters when meeting with Arabic-speaking first-time mothers. Design and Sample: An inductive qualitative design was used. Individual interviews were conducted with Swedish public health nurses (n = 11) with experience of working in child health care with interpreters when meeting with Arabic-speak

Modern film cooling is an essential method to protect the turbine blade from the hot gas, and the issue about how to improve the film cooling performance has attracted much attention. In this study, a tree-shaped film cooling structure is carried out to improve the overall effectiveness and better decrease the metal temperature of the blade at the same time. To validate the superiority of the prop

We constructed semiempirical breakdown curves (BDC) for C2N, C3N, C2N+ and C3N+ molecules. These BDC, which are energy dependent dissociation branching ratios (BR) curves, were used to predict products branching ratios for various processes leading to the formation of C2N(+) and C3N(+) excited adducts. These processes, of astrochemical interest, are neutral-neutral and ion-molecule reactions, diss

Objectives: Enterococcal bacteremia can be complicated by infective endocarditis (IE) and when suspected, transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) should be performed. The previously published NOVA score can identify patients with enterococcal bacteremia at risk for IE and we aimed to improve the score. Methods: Factors associated with IE were studied retrospectively in a population-based cohort of