We have used synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiments to measure the strain field introduced by a hydride blister grown on a section of a pressure tube from a CANDU nuclear reactor. After charging the tube section with a homogeneous hydrogen concentration of 300 wt ppm, the blister was produced by creating a small cold spot on its surface (similar to 200 degrees C), while the bulk was kept at a t

It has been known for a long time that the clinical manifestations of urinary tract infections (UTI) differ markedly between individuals, ranging from a sometimes beneficial, asymptomatic state to life threatening infections. This variability in clinical manifestation can be explained in part by the arsenal of virulence factors of the bacteria but the predisposition of the patient is equally impor

A monographic book volume on the history of the rural landscape of Europe is presented (Emanuelsson, The rural landscape of Europe. How man has shaped European nature, 383, 2009). The focus is on various land-use phases, their history from the Neolithic period to modern time and the survival of traditional farming today in Europe. This is described and illustrated by examples from marginal farming

We consider weighted sequence spaces on N with increasing weights. Given a fixed integer k and a Hankel operator Gamma on such a space, we show that the kth singular vector generates an analytic function with precisely k zeroes in the unit disc, in analogy with the classical AAK-theory of Hardy spaces. We also provide information on the structure of the singular spectrum for Hankel operators, appl

Assessment of the long-term safety and efficacy of liquid inhaled insulin via AERx((R)) insulin Diabetes Management System (iDMS) in a basal/bolus treatment regimen of adults with Type 1 diabetes. Patients were randomized 2 : 1 to prandial inhaled (n = 205) or subcutaneous (s.c.) (n = 99) insulin, plus one/two daily injections of neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin for 12 months. The primary

In many IBA applications the main aim is to obtain quantitative figures characterizing the sample. Normally charge, i.e. number of probe particles, is used for normalization and is measured either by collecting the charge deposited in the sample or by collecting the particle in a post-sample Faraday cup or in combination. Both these techniques have drawbacks and results can be difficult to compare

The aim of our work was to calculate basic mathematical characteristics of payment functional, such as mathematical expectation, variation and expected risk in discrete and continuous market models. In our paper we present a model of financial market in which the entire time interval in the continuous model is divided into steps with exponential distribution, and in the discrete model into steps o

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated demyelinating and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Neuroinflammatory processes in MS are believed to lead to damage and leakage in the blood-brain barrier that protects the CNS and regulates the trafficking of soluble mediators and leukocytes. MS is thought to be triggered in genetically susceptible individuals following e

Popular Abstract in Swedish Vårt blod består av flera olika specialiserade typer av celler. Dessa utför allt från transport av syre (röda blodkroppar) och sårläkning (blodplättar) till att utgöra vårt immunsystem (vita blodkroppar). Vårt immunförsvar kommer ständigt i kontakt med virus, bakterier och sjuka celler som måste kännas igen och bekämpas. Därför finns det ett kontinuerligt behov av att bB-cells are an essential part of our adaptive immune system. A network of transcription factors together with external signals facilitate the gradual developmental progression from progenitor cells towards the B-cell fate. Several key factors participating in this network have been identified. Among these are the transcription factors E2A, HEB, EBF1 and FOXO1 as well as the IL7 signaling cascade.

Background: This population-based study investigated the different forms, magnitude and risk factors of men's violence against women in intimate relationships in a rural part of northern Vietnam and whether a difference in risk factors were at hand for the different forms of violence. Vietnam has undergone a rapid transition in the last 20 years, moving towards a more equal situation for men and w

Popular Abstract in Swedish HIV består av två besläktade virusvarianter, HIV-1 och HIV-2. Båda kan orsaka uttalad immunbrist (AIDS) hos drabbade individer, men detta sker långsammare vid HIV-2. HIV-1 är viruset som orsakat den globala HIV epidemin medan HIV-2 främst hittas i Västafrika. HIV infekterar kroppens immunceller genom att binda till vissa äggviteämnen på cellytan. Efter inbindning till CHIV-1 infection of CD4+ immune cells requires the assistance of cellular coreceptors. The regulation of these receptors is highly dynamic. In addition to the major coreceptors, CCR5 and CXCR4, several alternative coreceptors mediate entry for selected HIV isolates in vitro, although their role in vivo is yet to be established. Compartmentalized HIV-1 infection of the central nervous system (CNS) m

This study explores the differences in oral narrative skills between school-age children with mild-to-moderate sensorineural hearing loss (HL) and children who have typical hearing and language development. Narrative samples were collected following a picture-elicited storytelling task. Language samples were transcribed and coded for a number of measures, including narrative content, syntax, and g

This study uses Swedish accident data for the years 2004–2008 to analyze the relationship between injury severity for pedestrians struck by a vehicle and the speed environment at accident locations. It also makes use of a multinomial logit model and other statistical methods. Speed measurements have been performed at accident sites, and the results show that there was a relationship between the (1

Using exome sequencing and a variant prioritization strategy that focuses on loss-of-function variants, we identified biallelic, loss-of-function CEP57 mutations as a cause of constitutional mosaic aneuploidies. CEP57 is a centrosomal protein and is involved in nucleating and stabilizing microtubules. Our findings indicate that these and/or additional functions of CEP57 are crucial for maintaining

Soil extracts are routinely used to quantify dissolved organic nutrient concentrations in soil. Here we studied the loss and transformation of low molecular weight (LMW) components of DOC (C-14-glucose, 1 and 100 mu M) and DON (C-14-amino acid mixture, 1 and 100 mu M) during extraction of soil (0-6 h) with either distilled water or 0.5 M K2SO4. The extractions were performed at 20 degrees C, at 4

Open Source Software (OSS) created a paradigm shift within the software engineering field prompting further research to understand how mature, industry grade, software can be produced in an online milieu with distributed and lightly managed developers contributing source code in their free time. The OSS has become also a major revenue generator for many commercial organizations, and has found its