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A teal (Anas crecca) and a thrush nightingale (Luscinia luscinia) were trained to fly in the Lund wind tunnel for periods of up to 3 and 16 h respectively. Both birds flew in steady flapping flight, with such regularity that their wingbeat frequencies could be determined by viewing them through a shutter stroboscope. When flying at a constant air speed, the teal's wingbeat frequency varied with th

The globalization of economics, politics, and human affairs has made individuals and groups more ontologically insecure and existentially uncertain. One main response to such insecurity is to seek reaffirmation of one's self identity by drawing closer to any collective that is perceived as being able to reduce insecurity and existential anxiety. The combination of religion and nationalism is a par

Congo red is a commonly used histological dye for amyloid detection. The specificity of this staining results from Congo red's affinity for binding to fibril proteins enriched in beta-sheet conformation. Unexpectedly, recent investigations indicate that the dye also possesses the capacity to interfere with processes of protein misfolding and aggregation, stabilizing native protein monomers or part

BACKGROUND: The use of impacted morselized allograft bone and cement in hip revision arthroplasty has been popular, but studies that specifically address intraoperative and postoperative complications have been scarce. METHODS: All complications that occurred during, and within the first year after, 144 consecutive hip revision arthroplasties (108 stems and 130 sockets) performed with impacted mor

Proteinase 3 (PR3) is a neutrophil serine protease stored in the azurophil granules of the promyelocyte and its successors. The protease has been identified as an autoantigen for anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA) occurring in patients with Wegener's granulomatosis. To characterize the biosynthesis and processing of human PR3 in a transgenic cellular model, cDNA encoding human pre-p

The aim of this investigation was to study the effects of ethanol on antioxidant enzymes in the developing brain, using reaggregation cultures of fetal rat brain cells as a model. The cultures were grown in the presence of 20 and 40 mM ethanol from day 2 until day 44 of the culture period, corresponding to a period in vivo from gestational day 17 to postnatal day 37. The catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) act

Preference studies of many different collembolan species have categorised collembolans being selective in their food choice. To clarify whether collembolan food selectivity is related to fitness parameters, three species, Folsomia fimetaria, Protaphorura armata and Heteromurus nitidus, were fed three fungal species, Alternaria infectoria, Mucor hiemalis and Penicillium hordei, representing fungi o

In the European starling, Sturnus vulgaris, optimal mating systems differ between males and females. Males gain from polygyny, whereas monogamy increases female fitness. The cost of polygyny to females lead to intense female–female competition, and it has previously been shown that the intensity of female aggression during the pre-breeding period can predict the realised mating system. The physiol

Streptococcus pyogenes is a Gram-positive bacterium that causes several diseases, including acute tonsillitis and toxic shock syndrome. The surface-localized M protein, which is the most extensively studied virulence factor of S. pyogenes, has an similar to 50-residue N-terminal hypervariable region (HVR) that plays a key role in the escape of the host immunity. Despite the extensive sequence vari

Immunization of mice with type II collagen (CII) leads to collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), a model for rheumatoid arthritis. T cell recognition of CII is believed to be a critical step in CIA development. We have analyzed the T cell determinants on CII and the TCR used for their recognition, using twenty-nine T cell hybridomas derived from C3H.Q and DBA/1 mice immunized with rat CII. All hybridom

The resonance conditions for excitation of propagating surface plasmons at planar metal/dielectric interfaces and localized surface plasmons associated with metal nanostructures are both sensitive to changes in the interfacial refractive index. This has made these phenomena increasingly popular as transducer principles in label-free sensing of biomolecular recognition reactions. In this article, t

This paper presents a discussion of the general reasons for conducting comparative research, the need for a socio-legal functional approach and the motives for subjecting Swedish, English and German labour law to study. Anna Christensen's theory of the normative field of law is discussed and applied to the field of comparative labour law research. The focus of the research is the legal regulation

We search for signatures of past accretion events in the Milky Way in the recently published catalogue by Nordstrom et al., containing accurate spatial and kinematic information as well as metallicities for 13 240 nearby stars. To optimize our strategy, we use numerical simulations and characterize the properties of the debris from disrupted satellites. We find that stars with a common progenitor

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer cells secrete unique proteases such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and human glandular kallikrein 2 (hK2) that represent targets for the activation of prodrugs as systemic treatment of metastatic prostate cancer. Previously, a combinatorial peptide library was screened to identify a highly active peptide substrate for hK2. The peptide was coupled to an analog of the

Legionella pneumophila serogroup 6 was recovered from a bronchoalveolar lavage specimen from a 1-week-old, full-term newborn with pneumonia, as well as from water samples from the maternity hospital and the newborn's home (an apartment). Amplified fragment-length polymorphism typing revealed that the strains isolated from the newborn and her home were indistinguishable from each other but were cle