Background Patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have a high risk of developing colorectal cancer and dysplasia. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has been suggested to have chemopreventive effects on the development of colorectal cancer and dysplasia but long-term data and larger trials are lacking. Aim To evaluate the effect of high dose (17-23 mg/kg/d

For a long time debate has taken place regarding the trends and extinction rates associated with the Cretaceous- Paleogene (K-Pg) mass extinction event on land. While mainly focussed on vertebrates and more especially non-avian dinosaurs, the dynamics of the plant cover remains nonetheless a major component for the understanding the biological response across the K-Pg interval and associated ecosy

Unusually high CO2 concentrations were frequently observed during stable nights in late summer 2006 at the CarboEurope-Integrated Project (CEIP) forest site in Norunda, Sweden. Mean CO2 concentrations in the layer below the height of the eddy-covariance measurement system at 30 m reached up to 500 mu mol mol(-1) and large vertical and horizontal gradients occurred, leading to very large advective

We demonstrate a concept to study transient liquids with picosecond time-resolved x-ray scattering in a high-repetition-rate configuration. Femtosecond laser excitation of crystalline indium antimonide (InSb) induces ultrafast melting, which leads to a loss of the long-range order. The remaining local correlations of the liquid result in broad x-ray diffraction rings, which are measured as a funct

Life-history theory predicts that the trade-off between parasite defense and other costly traits such as reproduction may be most evident when resources are scarce. The strength of selection that parasites inflict on their host may therefore vary across environmental conditions. Collared flycatchers (Ficedula albicollis) breeding on the Swedish island Öland experience a seasonal decline in their p

In species with complex life cycles, density regulation can operate on any of the stages. in frogs there are almost no studies of density effects on the performance of adult frogs in the terrestrial habitat. We therefore studied the effect of summer density on the growth rate of adult frogs during four years. Four 30 by 30 m plots in a moist meadow were used. In early summer, when settled after po

To provide an improved platform for simple, reliable, and cost-effective genotyping. Modern fertility treatments are becoming increasingly individualized in an attempt to optimise the follicular response and reproductive outcome, following controlled ovarian stimulation. As the field of pharmacogenetics evolve, genetic biomarkers such as polymorphisms of the follicle stimulating hormone receptor (

The fungal symbionts forming ectomycorrhizas, as well as their associated bacteria, benefit forest trees in a number of ways although the most important is enhancing soil nutrient mobilization and uptake. This is reciprocated by the allocation of carbohydrates by the tree to the fungus through the root interface, making the relationship a mutualistic association. Many field observations suggest th

MOS devices based on III-V semiconductors and thin high-k dielectric layers offer possibilities for improved transport properties. Here, we have studied the interface structure and chemical composition of realistic MOS gate stacks, consisting of a W or Pd metal film and a 6- or 12-nm-thick HfO2 layer deposited on InAs, with Hard X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy. In and As signals from InAs buried

Aims: The aim of this study is to follow-up on previous research indicating that the sex composition of workplaces is related to a number of health outcomes, including sickness absenteeism and mortality. We test two hypotheses. The first is Kanter’s theory of tokenism, which suggests that minority group members suffer from an increased risk of stress. Secondly, we test the hypothesis that workplac

Popular Abstract in Swedish Bröstcancer är den vanligaste maligna sjukdomen hos kvinnor i världen. Årligen insjuknar mer än 7300 kvinnor i Sverige, vilket innebär nästan 30 % av all kvinnlig cancer. Mer än 80 000 kvinnor i Sverige är friska efter att ha blivit behandlade för bröstcancer, och cirka 3000 kvinnor lever med återfall av sjukdomen. Prognosen har förbättrats de senaste decennierna, delviRadiotherapy (RT) after mastectomy has been part of the treatment for early breast cancer since the 1940s. The treatment reduces the risk of loco-regional recurrences, but implies risk of late side effects that can begin decades after RT. Aims of the thesis were: - To analyse the long term effects of postmastectomy radiotherapy and systemic treatment for 1100 stage II breast cancer patients in t

Monoclonal antibodies are generally produced using a generic platform approach in which several chromatographic separations assure high purity of the product. Dimerization can occur during the fermentation stage and may occur also during the downstream processing. We present here simulations in which a traditional platform approach that consist of protein A capture, followed by cation-exchange and

The addition of amphiphiles grafted with polyethylene glycol units to constructs of DNA-amphiphiles is of most relevance for applications demanding colloidal stability. In this work, we study the self-assembly behavior of a true ternary mixture comprising (i) an electroneutral complex of DNA and a cationic surfactant (dodecyltrimethylammonium, DTA), (ii) water, and (iii) nonionic surfactant (dodec

The general population is exposed to cadmium from food and smoking. Cadmium is a widely spread toxic pollutant that seems to be associated with cardiovascular diseases, although little is known if it contributes to the occurrence of atherosclerotic plaques and the process whereby plaques become vulnerable and are prone to rupture. We tested the hypotheses that cadmium exposure is associated not on