The last two decades, socially responsible investing has emerged such that there is a value in itself to invest responsibly. This paper analyzes the relationship between Environmental, Social, Governance (ESG) and stock returns, and investigate if any of these three individual pillars have a more significant impact during the period 2005 – 2018. The study contributes to the field by applying an ES

With Industry 4.0, the manufacturing industries are transitioning from wired to wireless communication between machines which put high demands on the network system. This can be achieved with the fifth generation (5G) of wireless communication by utilizing two fundamental key features in New Radio (NR), Massive Machine-Type Communication (mMTC) and Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC).

Landskapet Dalarna i södra centrala Sverige uppvisar en stor variation av kvartärgeologiska sediment och landformer, bildade från deglaciationen i tidig Holocen och senare. Ett speciellt deglaciationsmönster, tillsammans med unika hydrologiska förhållanden, har lämnat utrymme för spekulationer över paleo-miljömässiga förhållandena under det tidiga Holocen. Siljanbassängen, belägen i det södra randThe Dalarna province in south-central Sweden shows a great variety of geological evidence from the Late Quaternary. A peculiar deglaciation pattern, along with unique hydrological conditions, has left a lot of space for speculations over the palaeoenvironmental conditions during the early Holocene. Lake Siljan is in the southern perimeter of the Siljan impact structure, the most prominent in Europ

Fenomenet idrott har historiskt sett åtnjutit en särställning rättsligt sett vilket inneburit att idrotten och dess organ själva har fått reglera sin verksamhet genom att stifta sina egna lagar och regler utan ingripande från övriga samhället. Anledningarna till denna självständiga normbildning är flera men utgår ofta från en föreställning om att idrott är ett sådant fenomen som inte lämpar sig atThe phenomenon of sport has historically enjoyed a special status in law, which has meant that sport and its organisations themselves have been regulating their activities by legislating their own laws and rules without interference from the rest of society. The reasons for this are several but are often based on the idea that sport is such a phenomenon that does not lend itself to be force into t

Rättens förlikningsverksamhet är sedan år 2011 obligatorisk. Förfarandet är dock helt och hållet oreglerat. Syftet med uppsatsen är därför att undersöka om svensk processförlikning är rättssäker trots avsaknaden av reglering. För att besvara syftet ska frågeställningen om svensk doktrin ger uttryck för en enhetlig förlikningsverksamhet utredas. Vidare ska diskuteras om svensk rätt behöver klargöraThe courts’ work for the parties to reach a settlement is a mandatory part of the litigation process in court since year 2011. However, the settlement procedure in courts is unregulated. The purpose of this essay is therefore to investigate whether settlement in court, despite the lack of regulation, is legal certainty. To fulfill the purpose, the essay is going to answer two questions. The first

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka den skatterättsliga värderingen av bostadsförmåner ur ett rättssäkerhetsperspektiv. Den teoretiska diskussionen görs med avstamp i en inkonsekvent kammarrättspraxis som har uppenbarat sig de senaste åren. Enligt gällande rätt ska värderingen göras i enlighet med huvudregeln för skattepliktiga förmåner. Denna huvudregel återfinns i 61 kap. 2 § inkomstskattThe purpose of this essay is to investigate the valuation of taxable accommodation benefits in Swedish law from a perspective of legal certainty. The theoretical discussion is based on an inconsistent case law in the administrative court of appeal that has appeared in the last years. Pursuant to established law the valuation is to be done in accordance with the general rule for taxable benefits.

Matsvinn är ett enormt miljömässigt, socialt och ekonomiskt problem. För att förebygga matsvinn har EU och FN uppmuntrat matvaruaffärer att donera ätbara livsmedel, som de av någon anledning inte vill sälja, istället för att slänga dem. Livsmedelslagstiftningen ställer dock till med problem. Särskilt den otydliga regleringen på området, ansvarsregler och skattebestämmelser avskräcker företag fråFood waste is a significant environmental, social and economic problem. In order to prevent food waste, both the EU and UN have encouraged grocery stores to donate rather than waste edible foodstuffs that are unable to be sold. However, the foodstuff legislation causes problems. Especially the ambiguous regulations, liability legislation and tax legislation discourage companies from donating foo

Syftet med detta examensarbete är att undersöka de straffskärpningar som har genomförts på 2000-talet ur ett straffrättsideologiskt perspektiv. Undersökningen utgår från frågeställningen om straffskärpningarna ger uttryck för ett straffrättsideologiskt trendbrott, och om det går att tala om en avideologisering av straffrätten. Historiskt sett har svensk straffrätt präglats av både absoluta och relThe purpose of this paper is to examine the 21st century reforms that have been aimed at increasing the criminal penalties in Swedish criminal law from a penal theoretical perspective. The study examines two main issues: are the reforms a manifestation of a changed penal theory, and could the phenomena furthermore be explained as a ‘de-ideologized’ criminal law? Historically, the Swedish criminal

Distance-based accessibility measures are often built using vector representations of origin and destination features, and Euclidean or network-based distances. There are few comparisons of how the choice of feature representations and distance types affects results. Existing comparisons often use Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients. This study seeks to understand the effect of using differen

There has been previous research on the subject of preferred stock and its classification as debt or equity. This thesis adds to the discussion by incorporating a comprehensive measure for financial standing. In this thesis, preferred stock returns of 74 companies are regressed on the returns of bond and common equity and a measure of default probability. The result of the study is that the majori

Europakonventionen om skydd för de mänskliga rättigheterna och grundläggande friheterna stadgar bland annat en rätt till skydd för privatliv, till rättegång inom skälig tid och till ett liv i frihet. En stat, som är bunden av konventionen, är skyldig att garantera enskilda dessa rättigheter. Vid en överträdelse av konventionen måste staten erbjuda den enskilde, vars rättigheter blivit kränkta, ettThe European Convention on Human Rights prescribes for instance the right to respect for private life, to a trial within a reasonable time and to liberty. A state, bound by the Convention, is obligated to guarantee individuals all the rights stated in the articles of the agreement. If there has been a breach of the Convention, the state is compelled to provide an effective remedy for the victim in

The aim of the study is to research preschool teacher’s understanding and way of talking about ethnicity and diversity in two different municipalities. The design of the methods performed for the study was qualitative and seven interviews have been done to gather empirics. The interview guide was semi-structured in order to be able to keep a flexible approach through the interviews. The result sho

This essay investigates how new innovations are introduced and implemented in the transportation system, and serves to illustrate this through a case study of Skånetrafiken and its plans to integrate mobility services. Mobility stands at the precipice of structural changes which will effectively challenge the social position of the car as the most common and self-evident choice of transportation.

Meddelarfriheten är en viktig del av yttrandefriheten och offentlighetsprincipen. Den skapar förutsättningar för allmän granskning och allmän debatt om vad som sker i den offentliga verksamheten. Det finns dock en naturlig intressekonflikt mellan insyn och sekretess. Gällande avvägningen mellan insyn och sekretess i förundersökningar har det uppstått debatt om i vilken utsträckning regleringen är The freedom to communicate information is an essential part of the freedom of speech. Together with the principle of public access to official records, it seeks to ensure a public and open debate on the work of the governmental and municipal authorities. But, there is a natural conflict of interest between transparency and confidentiality. The legislation regarding transparency and confidentiality

The autumn of 2015 constituted a major break with the prior migration regime in Sweden, as the government implemented temporary migration laws in order to curb the large-scale arrival of migrants, which had taken the authorities by surprise at the time. Following this, the question of migration has gradually to a greater extent come to be framed as a threat by government officials and the politica

Följande projekt utfördes med anledning till att utvärdera och validera den nuvarande brandsäkerheten på Stockholms Centralstation. Detta gjordes i huvudsak med avseende på personsäkerheten, alltså behandlar inte rapporten egendomsskada samt ekonomiska förluster. Eftersom Stockholms Centralstation är en högst avancerad byggnad med högt personantal begränsades projektets omfattning en aning. Störst

The purpose of this study was to examine teachers perspective on the mental ill-health among children between the ages 10 and 15. To examine this we conducted five interviews with five school employees by using semi-structured interviews. We analyzed the interviews by using theories focusing on accomplishments and individualization. The results points towards that children between the ages 10 and

By exploring a case study of a Swedish media company, this thesis examines the roles of the middle management in influencing the decision-making of the top management and employees in decentralized innovation departments. For the top management’s decision-making, it was found that the middle manager performs an informing role, an inspiring role and a championing role, which are manifest on either

This thesis critically examines the issue of shared border sewage between San Diego and Tijuana. In light of the recent sewage spill in February of 2017, dumping 143 million gallons of raw sewage into the Tijuana River, the phenomena of border sewage in the transnational environment of the Tijuana River Watershed has been a topic of interest in local and international contexts; raising questions o

The aim of the thesis is a multidisciplinary approach to how traditional handicrafts interplay with social relations, such as gender, on several geographical scales. The study is an ethnographic fieldwork in Uttarakhand, India, at an organization working with weaving. The material is interviews, observations and field notes. The interviews were conducted with women working as weavers at the main c