We exploit a large historical shock to the Danish labour market to provide evidence of how restrictions on labour mobility increase monopsony power and thereby reduce wages. By severely limiting the possibility of the rural population to work beyond their place of birth, the reintroduction of serfdom in 1733 aimed to increase monopsony power and secure cheaper labour in the countryside. Using a un

This study examines the impact of boldness on foraging competition of the highly invasive round goby Neogobius melanostomus Pallas 1815. Individual risk tolerance, or boldness, was measured as the time to resume movement after a simulated predation strike. Fish that resumed movement faster were categorized as “bold,” fish that took more time to resume movement were categorized as “shy” and those t

This article discusses the multi-faceted and changing role played by trade unions in providing unemployment benefits in Sweden, a country using the so-called Ghent system. As an important institutional feature explaining the high rate of unionisation in the Nordics, the system has been much debated. This article provides a comprehensive account of the retrenchment of the state unemployment benefit

BACKGROUND: Platelet lysate is a readily available source of growth factors, and other mediators, which has been used in a variety of clinical applications. However, the product remains poorly standardized and the present investigation evaluates the composition of platelet lysate obtained from either fresh or stored pathogen-inactivated platelet units.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Platelet pooled units (

Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα, encoded by ESR1) is a well-characterized transcription factor expressed in more than 75% of breast tumors and is the key biomarker to direct endocrine therapies. On the other hand, much less is known about estrogen receptor beta (ERβ, encoded by ESR2) and its importance in cancer. Previous studies had some disagreement, however most reports suggested a more favorable

To establish the contribution of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) for the incretin effect after oral glucose, studies were undertaken in female mice with genetic deletion of receptors for GIP and GLP-1 (double incretin receptor knockout [DIRKO] mice) and their wild-type (WT) counterparts. Insulin secretion was explored after oral glucose (doses

Background: Dermatitis can impair the quality of life (QoL) of patients. Knowledge of the QoL-associated factors and the impact of patch testing on QoL is limited. Objectives: To identify demographic and clinical factors affecting QoL, and to measure the impact of patch testing on QoL of dermatitis patients. Methods: The data and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaires of 519 dermatit

Background and purpose — For want of national guidelines for lower limb amputation (LLA) the quality registry SwedeAmp was started in 2011 to increase knowledge around LLA and prosthetic rehabilitation. We now present data from the first 8 years of registration. Patients and methods — We present descriptive data from the first 8 years (2011–2018) of registration. Patient-reported outcome was colle

Mathematical modeling of nystagmus oscillations is a technique with applications in diagnostics, treatment evaluation, and acuity testing. Modeling is a powerful tool for the analysis of nystagmus oscillations but quality assessment of the input data is needed in order to avoid misinterpretation of the modeling results. In this work, we propose a signal quality metric for nystagmus waveforms, the

Midbrain dopamine (mDA) neurons can be replaced in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) in order to provide long-term improvement in motor functions. The limited capacity for long-distance axonal growth in the adult brain means that cells are transplanted ectopically, into the striatal target. As a consequence, several mDA pathways are not re-instated, which may underlie the incomplete restorati

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease linked with the loss of dopaminer-gic neurons in the brain region called substantia nigra and caused by unknown pathogenic mecha-nisms. Two currently recognized prominent features of PD are an inflammatory response manifested by glial reaction and T-cell infiltration, as well as the presence of various toxic mediators derived from activated g

Channelrhodopsins (ChRs) are light-gated ion channels that are receiving increasing attention as optogenetic tools. Despite extensive efforts to gain understanding of how these channels function, the molecular events linking light absorption of the retinal cofactor to channel opening remain elusive. While dark-state structures of ChR2 or chimeric proteins have demonstrated the architecture of non-

Background: The ageing workforce has an impact on public health. The aim of this study was to evaluate work-related disorders, work tasks and measures associated with the possibility of working beyond 65 years of age or not. Method: The data comprised two sample surveys based on the Swedish population: the Survey of National Work-Related Health Disorders, and the National Work Environment Survey.

AIMS: Improved risk stratification is of value for decision making in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Right heart catheterization combined with quantitative tricuspid regurgitation (TR) by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) may provide this. The aims were to study: (i) to what extent quantitative TR is associated with event-free survival; (ii) how quantitative TR is related to known pr

Rationale and aims: The Quality of Dyadic Relationships is a self-assessment scale used to evaluate various aspects of relationship quality. Psychometric evaluation by the developers of the instrument has led to a nontested amended version. Further psychometric testing is thus warranted, and the aim of this study was to evaluate homogeneity, construct validity (in terms of concurrent, discriminant

BACKGROUND: The aims of this study were to determine which consent procedure patients prefer for use of stored tissue for research purposes and what the effects of consent procedures on actual consenting behaviour are.METHODS: We offered 264 cancer patients three different consent procedures: 'one-time general consent' (asked written informed consent), 'opt-out plus' (had the opportunity to opt ou

We introduce a new family of continuous distributions and study the mathematical properties of the new family. Some useful characterizations based on the ratio of two truncated moments and hazard function are also presented. We estimate the model parameters by the maximum likelihood method and assess its performance based on biases and mean squared errors in a simulation study framework.