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The Brussels Declaration: the need for change in asthma management

Asthma is a highly prevalent condition across Europe and numerous guidelines have been developed to optimise management. However, asthma can be neither cured nor prevented, treatment choices are limited and many patients have poorly controlled or uncontrolled asthma. The Brussels Declaration on Asthma, sponsored by The Asthma, Allergy and Inflammation Research Charity, was developed to call attent

Magnetostriction, elastic moduli, and coupling factors of composite Terfenol-D

Recently it was discovered that composites of Terfenol-D alloys with an insulating binder produce very large magnetostrictions. Resistivities of these composites reach high values, making them attractive for high-frequency applications which require small eddy current losses. In this paper the magnetostriction, magnetization, and Young's moduli measurements made under constant magnetic field condi

Superior underwater vision in a human population of sea gypsies

Humans are poorly adapted for underwater vision. In air, the curved corneal surface accounts for two-thirds of the eye's refractive power, and this is lost when air is replaced by water [1]. Despite this, some tribes of sea gypsies in Southeast Asia live off the sea, and the children collect food from the sea floor without the use of visual aids [2]. This is a remarkable feat when one considers th

Self-diffusion NMR studies of the host-guest interaction between beta-cyclodextrin and alkyltrimethylammonium bromide surfactants

Diffusion measurements by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were used to investigate the host-guest association between beta-cyclodextrin (CD) and alkyltrimethylammonium bromide surfactants with different chain lengths, ranging from 6 up to 16 carbons. The scope and limitations of the method in the study of formation of inclusion complexes are discussed. The influences of the presence

The Faroe-Shetland Gateway: Late Quaternary water mass exchange between the Nordic seas and the northeastern Atlantic

Thirteen piston and gravity cores from the Faroe-Shetland area were investigated for their planktic and benthic foraminiferal and oxygen isotopic distributions. Eight time-slices between 18 ka BP and the present were reconstructed to study variations in surface and deep water exchange between the SE Norwegian Sea and the northeast Atlantic Ocean. Today, a relatively strong northward flow of warm N

Multilayered metal core-shell nanostructures for inducing a large and tunable local optical field

We examine the near-field optical properties of multilayered metal core-shell sphere nanostructures by extending the Mie theory, and demonstrate that the local-field enhancement can be increased by adding new metal shells. A local intensity enhancement of more than 10(5) times can be obtained in the cavity between the Ag core and the innermost Ag shell for proper configurations of multilayered Ag

Immigrant language groups in Religious Organisations

During the process of migration, many immigrants undergo a number of changes in their relationships to their religious organisations. One factor that has emerged as especially important in immigrants’ congregational affiliation is the availability of language groups in immigrants’ mother tongues. This article examines how these groups are formed and the roles they play in the lives of their member

Long-term consequences of respiratory syncytial virus acute lower respiratory tract infection in early childhood in Guinea-bissau

AIM: The study aimed to investigate long-term consequences of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) positive acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRI) in a low-income country according to severity of the initial infection. DESIGN: The study was a 1:1 matched case-control study of 335 RSV case children and 335 control children. The mean age of RSV ALRI was 0.9 year and at follow-up, 6.8 years. Cas

A controlled comparison of myelography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging in clinically suspected lumbar disc herniation

STUDY DESIGN. A controlled prospective blinded study. OBJECTIVES. To compare the diagnostic power of myelography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of low lumbar disc herniation. METHODS. Eighty patients with monoradicular sciatica were examined by myelography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, and all underwent subsequent surgery. The images we

Stochastic model for the investigation of the influence of turbulent mixing on engine knock

A stochastic model based on a probability density function (PDF) was developed for the investigation of different conditions that determine knock in spark ignition (SI) engine, with focus on the turbulent mixing. The model used is based on a two-zone approach, where the burned and unburned gases are described as stochastic reactors. By using a stochastic ensemble to represent the PDF of the scalar

The potential of proton beam radiation for palliation and reirradiation

A group of Swedish oncologists and hospital physicists have estimated the number of patients in Sweden suitable for proton beam therapy. The estimations have been based on current statistics of tumour incidence, number of patients potentially eligible for radiation treatment, scientific support from clinical trials and model dose planning studies and knowledge of the dose-response relations of dif

1.2 Cognition and learning.

This theme is concerned with the relevance and efficacy of educational methods adopted in dental schools while recognizing the influence of geopolitical issues in different countries and regions. Particular emphasis will be given to examples of best practices and innovations. Cognition and learning are dealt with in many different research areas such as education, psychology, cognitive sciences, b