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Simvastatin improves fracture healing in mice

Recently, several articles have been published dealing with the anabolic effects on bone by statins. Mundy and associates discovered that several statins were able to activate the promotor of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 2. Additionally, oral simvastatin and lovastatin increased the cancellous bone volume in rats, presumably an effect of the increase of BMP-2. Other studies have followed, with

Electroencephalogram variability in dementia with lewy bodies, Alzheimer's disease and controls.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is probably still underdiagnosed in the clinical setting. Previous studies have suggested a relationship between fluctuations in attention and electroencephalogram (EEG) measures. Since fluctuation in attention is a core symptom of DLB, we sought to further explore whether EEG measures could help differentiate DLB from Alzheimer's disease (AD) and he

Methanocarba modification of uracil and adenine nucleotides: High potency of northern ring conformation at P2Y(1), P2Y(2), P2Y(4), and P2Y(11) but not P2Y(6) receptors

The potency of nucleotide antagonists at P2Y(1) receptors was enhanced by replacing the ribose moiety with a constrained carbocyclic ring (Nandanan, et al. J. Med. Chem. 2000, 43, 829842). We have now synthesized ring-constrained methanocarba analogues (in which a fused cyclopropane moiety constrains the pseudosugar ring) of adenine and uracil nucleotides, the endogenous activators of P2Y receptor

Corneal epithelial keratitis in herpes zoster ophthalmicus: "delayed" and "sine herpete". A non-contact photomicrographic in vivo study in the human cornea.

PURPOSE. To investigate the origin of corneal epithelial keratitis occurring without accompanying herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) cutaneous rash. METHODS. Corneal epithelial lesions in seven patients (four with a history of classical HZO with cutaneous rash, one of herpes zoster oticus, and two with no history of herpes zoster, were examined with the slit lamp and photographed by non-contact in v

Gene diversity and demographic turnover in central and peripheral populations of the perennial herb Gypsophila fastigiata

Within-population gene diversity (H-S) was estimated (using allozyme markers) for 16 populations of the perennial, outcrossing plant, Gypsophila fastigiata, on the Baltic island of Oland. The populations were characterized by data on extent, density, life-stages, and habitat diversity. Populations were classed as central or peripheral in relation to the distribution of ''alvar" (habitats with shal

ISO/OSI compliant network-on-chip implementation for CNN applications

The paper investigates the potential for a packet switching network for real-time image processing by a Cellular Neural Network (CNN) implemented on a Field-Programmable Gate-Array (FPGA). The implementation of a CNN requires several parameter restrictions with respect to the universal concept. For instance, the number representation and the cloning template are often confined to respectively 8 bi

Kinetic studies on high temperature desulphurization of synthesis gas with zinc ferrite

The desulphurization of synthesis gas with zinc ferrite was studied in a laboratory-scale fixed-bed reactor. Desulphurization efficiency of 97-99% was obtained. The inlet hydrogen sulphide concentration was about-2600 ppm. A flat breakthrough curve showed that diffusion through the sulphide layer controlled the rate of sulphidization. The degrees of utilization varied between 5 and 11%. Experiment

Strain in semiconductor core-shell nanowires

We compute strain distributions in core-shell nanowires of zinc blende structure. We use both continuum elasticity theory and an atomistic model, and consider both finite and infinite wires. The atomistic valence force-field (VFF) model has only few assumptions. But it is less computationally efficient than the finite-element (FE) continuum elasticity model. The generic properties of the strain di

Estimating the value of novel interventions for Parkinson's disease: An early decision-making model with application to dopamine cell replacement.

A long-term cost-effectiveness model for early decision-making and estimation of outcomes of novel therapeutic procedures for Parkinson's disease (PD) was developed based on the Hoehn and Yahr (HY) stages of PD. Results provided support for model validity. Model application to a future dopamine cell replacement therapy indicated long-term cost offsets and gains in quality-adjusted life years (QALY

Core excitations of naphthalene: Vibrational structure versus chemical shifts

High-resolution x-ray photoelectron emission (XPS) and near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectra of naphthalene are analyzed in terms of the initial state chemical shifts and the vibrational fine structure of the excitations. Carbon atoms located at peripheral sites experience only a small chemical shift and exhibit rather similar charge-vibrational coupling, while the atoms in th

No relationship between risk of schizophrenia and prenatal exposure to stress during the Six-Day War or Yom Kippur War in Israel

Aim: Maternal stress during pregnancy is a possible risk factor for schizophrenia in the offspring. Using data from the Israel Psychiatric Registry we examined the impact of wars in Israel. Method: Retrospective birth cohort study. Results: Relative risks for cohorts exposed to Six-Day War and Yom Kippur War were 0.98 (95% CI: 0.85-1.13) and 1.00 (0.86-1.16). Conclusion: The evidence for maternal

Cutaneous vascular reactivity is reduced in aging and in heart failure: association with inflammation

In the present study, we have investigated whether changes in vascular reactivity in congestive heart failure (CHF) patients can be detected in the cutaneous microvessels and whether these changes are due to endothelial dysfunction, are affected by increasing age and related to an ongoing inflammation. The responses to local warming and iontophoretically administered endothelium-dependent and -ind

Do different scales measure the same construct? Three Sense of Coherence scales.

Background: Different scales claim to measure the construct ‘‘Sense of Coherence’’. Results from these scales have been compared without knowing whether they measure the same construct. This article compares two versions of Antonovsky’s original scale (SOC-13 and SOC-29), translated into Swedish, and a three-item scale (SOC-3) that claims to measure Sense of Coherence. Methods: The data were anal

Environmental influences on the cumulative structure of instrumental ADL: an example in osteoporosis patients in a Swedish rural district

INTRODUCTION: The ADL Staircase is a hierarchical instrument for the assessment of dependence/independence in personal and instrumental activities of daily living (P-ADL and I-ADL). Previous results indicated that environmental factors might affect assessment results, and revisions for use in rural areas have been tested with a gerontological population sample. OBJECTIVE: To investigate further th

An approximate maximum likelihood approach, applied to phylogenetic trees

A novel type of approximation scheme to the maximum likelihood (ML) approach is presented and discussed in the context of phylogenetic tree reconstruction from aligned DNA sequences. It is based on a parameterized approximation to the conditional distribution of hidden variables (related, e.g., to the sequences of unobserved branch point ancestors) given the observed data. A modified likelihood, b