Background: Optimal alignment is of utmost importance when treating pediatric patients with craniospinal irradiation (CSI), especially with regards to field junctions and multiple isocenters and techniques applying high dose gradients. Here, we investigated the setup errors and uncertainties for pediatric CSI using different setup verification protocols. Methods: A total of 38 pediatric patients t

The energy intensive industry, producing basic materials, is responsible for 25 to 30% of today's global greenhouse gas emissions. The future supply of GHG neutral basic materials (e.g. steel, cement, aluminium, plastics, etc.) is a necessity for building a sustainable modern society. Deep decarbonisation of the energy intensive industries is technically possible but will require a major systemic The energy intensive industry, producing basic materials, is responsible for 25 to 30% of today's global greenhouse gas emissions. The future supply of GHG neutral basic materials (e.g. steel, cement, aluminium, plastics, etc.) is a necessity for building a sustainable modern society. Deep decarbonisation of the energy intensive industries is technically possible but will require a major systemic

Engagement is a tricky term to pin down, shifting meaning in the media industries, across political communication and within popular culture. But the definition of engagement matters, as new currencies circulate in academic and industry discourses. The argument put forward here is that media engagement is a term that has been used in a strategic way within the media industries to capture social me

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) depend on the cellular RNA-processing machineries including alternative RNA splicing and polyadenylation to coordinate HPV gene expression. HPV RNA processing is controlled by cis-regulatory RNA elements and trans-regulatory factors since the HPV splice sites are suboptimal. The definition of HPV exons and introns may differ between individual HPV mRNA species and is

In the wake of densification and urbanisation, crowding has become an increasingly important issue for social sustainability in cities. This also affects urban design and the ways public spaces stimulate different kinds of crowding and clustering. There are, of course, several factors which affect pedestrian clustering and declustering in public spaces, factors that determine how and why people ac

Oligonuclear complexes of d4-d7 transition metal ion centers that undergo spin-switching have long been developed for their practical role in molecular electronics. Recently, they also have appeared as promising photochemical reactants demonstrating improved stability. However, the lack of knowledge about their photophysical properties in the solution phase compared to mononuclear complexes is cur

Physical exercise for patients treated with allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) has shown positive effects on the quality of life and fatigue in experimental trials. However, there is a need for longitudinal evaluation of exercise programmes implemented in a real-world clinical setting. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the impact of an exercise programm

The present report presents a conceptual assessment model or framework for policy relevant analysis of low carbon transitions. The aim of the study is not to present specific guidelines for how to design assessments of low carbon transitions, but rather to give food for thought on aspects that should be regarded in the design process. The exact design would then depend on the purpose of the assess

This study follows groups in Sweden that are involved in a political struggle to change norms regarding sexuality and disability. The groups are mostly connected to the disability movement or the movement of sexual politics. The following questions have guided the research process: How do the groups describe their activities? What strategies do they use? What relations can be identified between th

Lignin is the most abundant aromatic biopolymer on earth and has the potential to play an important role in the transition from an oil-based refinery to a biorefinery-based industry. The isolation of lignin from the biomass can be achieved by several different technical processes and isolated lignins are referred to as technical lignins in literature. During the last decades, the conversion of tec

Small population sizes can, over time, put species at risk due to the loss of genetic variation and the deleterious effects of inbreeding. Losing diversity in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) could be particularly harmful, given its key role in the immune system. Here, we assess MHC class I (MHC-I) diversity and its effects on mate choice and survival in the Critically Endangered Raso la

Inom tandvården gäller patientsäkerhetslagen, som säger att tandläkare ska ”utföra sitt arbete i överensstämmelse med vetenskap och beprövad erfarenhet”. Forskningsprogrammet Vetenskap och Beprövad Erfarenhet, VBE, har undersökt hur man inom tandvården samt hälso- och sjukvården ser på beprövad erfarenhet. Resultatet visar bland annat att tandläkare och tandhygienister graderar personlig erfarenhe

Avocado crop in Tanzania is sparingly investigated regardless of being an important fruit commodity. This study was undertaken to explore the yield and the value chain of this crop in the country. Data were collected mainly by face-to-face interviews with 275 avocado farmers, 231 avocado traders and 16 key informants. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test and one-way analysis of variance were us

Despite the potential of urban woodlands for recreational use and participatory management, citizens' perception of urban woodland quality, as well as the impact of citizens' co-management on urban woodland quality, have not been thoroughly studied to date. The present study investigated how residents in Holstebro, Denmark define urban woodland quality in their neighborhood named Sletten and how t