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On the Challenges for Time-of-Flight Electron Spectroscopy at Storage Rings

Popular Abstract in Swedish Den rykande startpistolen eller Konsten att ta tid på en flygande elektron Flygande elektroner kan berätta mycket om hur världen sitter ihop. Elektroner som lämnar ytan av något material avslöjar både vilka atomer som finns i materialet och hur de kemiska bindingarna ser ut. Allt detta är nödvändigt att förstå när man vill utveckla nya material – till exempel för kretTime-of-flight (TOF) techniques for energy analysis have been common in electron spectroscopy for many decades. TOF-based electron spectrometers benefit from higher transmission and information rate compared to their main competitor: the hemispherical analyser; the drawback being their lower energy resolution. However, the advent of angle-resolved TOF spectrometers for electron energy analysis cha

Constitutive Model for Short-Time Loading of Concrete

A constitutive model based on nonlinear elasticity is proposed, where the secant values of Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio are changed appropriately. This alteration is obtained through the use of a nonlinearity index that relates the actual stress state to the failure surface. The model simulates the strain hardening before failure, the failure itself and the strain softening in the post-fail

Constructing error-correcting codes with huge distances

The class of error-correcting convolutional codes is commonly used for reliable data transmission in mobile, satellite, and space-communication. Demanding simultaneously larger capacities and smaller error probabilities, convolutional codes with large free distances are needed. Such convolutional codes are in general characterized by large overall constraint lengths, increasing the complexity of d