The pricing of uncertainties, when establishing the market value of financial instruments, is problematic in taxlitigation since the outcome of the litigation is binary. Different values can be equally correct, depending on thechoice of models, assumptions regarding model parameters and forecasting techniques. The purpose of thisarticle is to illustrate the challenges for tax administrations and cThe pricing of uncertainties, when establishing the market value of financial instruments, is problematic in tax litigation since the outcome of the litigation is binary. Different values can be equally correct, depending on the choice of models, assumptions regarding model parameters and forecasting techniques. The purpose of this article is to illustrate the challenges for tax administrations an

Introduction: In contrast to cemented hip prostheses, the effect of washing the bone bed with jet-lavage prior to insertion of cementless stem components in primary hip arthroplasty (THA) is unclear. Jet-lavage potentially decreases the risk of fat embolisation during rasping and stem insertion and might help in avoiding bacterial contamination. An earlier animal study has shown less debris and be

Chronic suppurative otitis media often ensues in patients treated with irradiation against a head and neck tumor. In an experimental study, rats were exposed to irradiation to evaluate the sensitivity of the middle ear to an accumulated irradiation dose of 20-45 Gy. Observed otomicroscopically, all animals appeared to have normal tympanic membranes and no fluid developed in the middle ear space. T

The early inflammatory reaction in the rat tympanic membrane was studied during the first 36h following inoculation of Streptococcus pneumoniae type 3 in the middle ear cavity. Otomicroscopic examination showed only minor signs of inflammation in the early stages although changes at the light microscopic level were pronounced. This reaction differed significantly between the pars flaccida and pars

In this work, we present a method to synthesize arrays of hexagonal InGaN submicrometer platelets with a top c-plane area having an extension of a few hundred nanometers by selective area metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy. The InGaN platelets were made by in situ annealing of InGaN pyramids, whereby InGaN from the pyramid apex was thermally etched away, leaving a c-plane surface, while the inclin

We review the physics opportunities of the Future Circular Collider, covering its e+e-, pp, ep and heavy ion programmes. We describe the measurement capabilities of each FCC component, addressing the study of electroweak, Higgs and strong interactions, the top quark and flavour, as well as phenomena beyond the Standard Model. We highlight the synergy and complementarity of the different colliders,

Photoacoustic (PA) imaging has the ability to visualize human organs with high spatial resolution and high contrast. Like digital images, PA images are contaminated with random noise due to some parameters. The band-pass filter does not effectively remove the noise because noise is randomly distributed in the bandwidth frequency. We present noise removal method in PA images by using non local mean

This chapter provides an overview of a vast space labelled Trans-Europe-spanning beyond Europe, over to Russia, parts of North Africa, the Middle East, and East Asia. The concept of Trans-Europe allows capturing a number of nodes, regional pivots, as well as numerous interconnections, differences, and gaps. The authors present the challenge of this book: to explore how different regions around Eur

This book examines political, social, and economic interactions in highly interconnected areas, stretching from Europe to Eastern Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, and East Asia, labelled as Trans-Europe. The first part of the book focuses on the interests of several leading actors in Trans-Europe. The second part deals with the actions of national actors trying to compete with the EU influen

Particle physics has arrived at an important moment of its history. The discovery of the Higgs boson, with a mass of 125 GeV, completes the matrix of particles and interactions that has constituted the “Standard Model” for several decades. This model is a consistent and predictive theory, which has so far proven successful at describing all phenomena accessible to collider experiments. However, se

In response to the 2013 Update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics, the Future Circular Collider (FCC) study was launched, as an international collaboration hosted by CERN. This study covers a highest-luminosity high-energy lepton collider (FCC-ee) and an energy-frontier hadron collider (FCC-hh), which could, successively, be installed in the same 100 km tunnel. The scientific capabiliti

We present a theoretical model of laser heating carbon nanotubes to determine the temperature profile during laser irradiation. Laser heating carbon nanotubes is an essential physics phenomenon in many aspects such as materials science, pharmacy, and medicine. In the present article, we explain the applications of carbon nanotubes for photoacoustic imaging contrast agents and photothermal therapy

We present joint experimental and theoretical investigations of the deep-ultraviolet Raman scattering spectra of monolayer graphene thin films. We found that upon a 266 nm laser excitation, while the G mode remains pronounced, the mode is not observed. The mode exhibits distinctive linewidth broadening towards the ultraviolet frequency region. The peak intensity ratio of the and G modes increases

Background: High-quality telemedicine in cases of suspected stroke has comparable precision with on-site medical examinations. A novel technical concept was developed in order to deliver a video/audio system to achieve more efficient patient assessment and diagnostic support. Aims and objectives: The aim of the present pilot-study was to evaluate in a clinical setting the quality of a linked image

Photoacoustic (PA) imaging is the biomedical imaging modality to visualize the biological object with high contrast, high spatial and temporal resolutions. The PA image is degraded due to several parameters such as random noise, frequency, transducer, and laser components. A band-pass filter does not completely remove the noise since the noise is distributed in the bandwidth frequency. In this pap

Photoacoustic (PA) imaging can visualize the biological objects with high contrast and high spatial resolution. The biological objects in PA imaging are not always good light-absorber. Moreover, the biological objects sometimes only absorb light with a specific wavelength. Correspondingly, the contrast agents are relatively needed in PA imaging. We present the application of carbon nanotube (CNT)

Effects of droplet characteristics of mist/air cooling on heat transfer for three pin-fin structures are investigated. The round-tip pin-fin structure is newly proposed with partial detachment from one endwall with a round-shaped tip structure. A flat-tip pin-fin with partial detachment and a traditional pin-fin with full attachment serve as references. Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations an