A novel pretreatment approach was developed in the present study to simultaneously reduce the content of inorganic troubling elements (TEs) and improve biomass energy density, i.e., combined leaching and steam explosion (SE) pretreatment with mechanical pressing. Three different high-ash-containing biomass feedstocks were studied – wheat straw (WS), spruce bark (SB), and empty fruit bunches of oil

Den gemensamma jordbrukspolitiken (CAP) reformeras regelbundet och arbetet pågår nu inför nästa programperiod som börjar 2028. En betydande del av jordbruksstöden utgörs av gårdsstöd, nötkreatursstöd, kompensationsstöd, omfördelningsstöd och ersättning till naturbetesmarker. Vi analyserar hur förändringar av nivåerna på dessa stöd skulle påverka jordbrukets produktion, konkurrenskraft och miljöpåv

Variants in GBA1 are important genetic risk factors in Parkinson's disease (PD). GBA1 T369M has been linked to an ∼80 % increased PD risk but the reports are conflicting and the relevance of GBA1 variants in different populations varies. A lack of association between T369M and PD in the Swedish population was recently reported but needs further validation. We therefore investigated T369M in 1,808

In my Ph. D. project, I study semantic change as it is described in the Swedish Acad-emy dictionary (SAOB). The starting point is five semantic labels that are established and highly frequent in the dictionary definitions, namely: bildlig (‘figurative’), oegent-lig (‘un-actual/non-factual’), överförd (‘transferred’), utvidgad (‘extended’) and all-männare användning (‘more general use’). These labe

I denna rapport undersöker jag vad studier och diskussioner av anonymisering av examinationer inom högre utbildning ger vid handen. Idag finns att tillgå resultaten av ett antal större studier, vilka med bred empiri undersöker konsekvenserna av anonymisering och hur det (eventuellt) har påverkat lärares bedömning. Dessa studier har inte kunnat visa på någon signifikant skillnad (eg. minskad bias)

The purpose of this paper is to increase the understanding of how different types of experts with influence over the development of AI, in this role, reflect upon distribution of forward-looking responsibility for AI development with regard to safetyand democracy. Forward-looking responsibility refers to the obligation to see to it that a particular state of affairs materialise. In the context of

Kommuner har bestämmanderätt över planprocesser och det finns idag en diskussion om huruvida det byggs för mycket på värdefull åkermark. Överexploatering av jordbruksmark kan bero på att kommuner saknar tillräckliga incitament att beakta markens värde för en tryggad nationell livsmedelsförsörjning i sina beslutsprocesser. För att införliva detta värde i beslutsprocessen kan dagens skydd i miljöbal

BACKGROUND & AIMS: We aimed to evaluate the association of frequency of polyp diagnosis in relatives with the risk of overall and early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC).METHODS: We leveraged data from nationwide Swedish family cancer datasets (1964-2018) to calculate standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for individuals with a family history of polyp by frequency of polyp diagnosis in family membe

In this article I discuss problems related to the compilation of dictionaries for understudied languages that do not have a generally accepted written form. This task is in most cases undertaken by linguists with the purpose of describing and analyzing a language or by missionaries whose ultimate goal is to translate the Bible or other holy scriptures. As a case study, the structure of two differe

BakgrundAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) är en vanlig neuropsykiatrisk diagnossom påverkar ungefär 5% av jordens barn, med en större andel pojkar än flickor.Diagnosen debuterar oftast i barndomen och kännetecknas av svårigheter meduppmärksamhet, hyperaktivitet och impulsivitet. Dessa symtom gör det svårt för barnatt hantera vardagens krav, särskilt i skolmiljöer som ställer höga kraBackgroundChildren diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) commonlyexhibit academic underachievement. The condition is thought to be linked to adysregulation of the dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) systems, which arenormalized with pharmacological medication. While pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions are available, more than 50% abort treatment after o

This study presents and analyses search strings and user data for different Swedish lexicographical websites. The underlying empirical material was sourced from two relatively new websites, www.saob.se and the joint dictionary portal www.svenska.se, which collects and provides a single point of entry to three Swedish monolingual dictionaries financed by the Swedish Academy. Statistics are presente

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Professionals who work or study in transfusion medicine under 40 years of age are considered young professionals (YPs) by the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT). While the ISBT provides opportunities for YPs, their needs have to be assessed to customize initiatives in a way that could potentially improve their engagement. This survey aimed to assess the ne

The underlying cause of neuronal loss in Parkinson's disease (PD) remains unknown, but evidence implicates neuroinflammation in PD pathobiology. The pro-inflammatory cytokine soluble tumor necrosis factor (TNF) seems to play an important role and thus has been proposed as a therapeutic target for modulation of the neuroinflammatory processes in PD. In this regard, dominant-negative TNF (DN-TNF) ag

This article covers some of the findings of a pilot study of what we per-ceive to be a tendency towards a codification of the contemporary urban vernacular in written Swedish. In Sweden, the urban vernacular has tradi-tionally been described as a youth language, and, as such, studied as a part of an (ephemeral) youth culture. However, both internationally and in Sweden there are claims to treat th

Introduction: Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is the standard of care for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study aimed to review SMBG profiles in women with GDM and to examine how glucose metrics derived from SMBG relate to fetal overgrowth and infants born large for gestational age (LGA, >90th percentile). Material and Methods: This was a single-center, historical, obs

Objective The aim of this study was to assess associations between endostatin levels and short-term mortality in unsorted acute hospitalised dyspnoea patients with or without congestive heart failure (CHF), adjusted for common cardiovascular risk factors.Design, setting and participants In this prospective observational study, 723 hospitalised patients who visited the emergency department at Skåne

RATIONALE: Preterm infants diagnosed with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) are thought to have fewer and larger alveoli than their term peers, but it is unclear to what degree this persists later in life.OBJECTIVES: To investigate to what degree the distal airspaces are enlarged in adolescents born preterm and to evaluate the new Airspace Dimension Assessment (AiDA) method in investigating this gr