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DNA microarrays have the potential to classify tumors according to their transcriptome. Tissue microarrays (TMAs) facilitate the validation of biomarkers by offering a high-throughput approach to sample analysis. We reanalyzed a high profile breast cancer DNA microarray dataset containing 96 tumor samples using a powerful statistical approach, between group analyses. Among the genes we identified

We examined the hypothesis that recording multiple elastic pressure-volume (Pel/V) curves and calculating alveolar derecruitment (V(DER)) induced by decreasing positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) may allow determination of alveolar closing pressures, thus helping to select the optimal PEEP level. V(DER) measured in 16 patients with acute lung injury (ALI) was compared with the lower inflection

Two unique methods to achieve selectivity toward multiple predetermined targets employing molecular imprinting technology have been developed. Partial filling capillary electrochromatography (CEC) was utilized to evaluate and compare the two techniques. The first approach, the mixed singly templated molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) nanoparticle approach, is based on the mixing of two types of M

In this study, we investigated the metabolic responses of potato tissue induced by pulsed electric field (PEF). Potato tissue was subjected to field strengths ranging from 30 to 500 V/cm, with a single rectangular pulse of 10 μs, 100 μs, or 1 ms. Metabolic responses were monitored using isothermal calorimetry, changes on electrical resistance during the delivery of the pulse, as well as impedance

We have examined the regulation of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) promoter activity in primary cultures of rat trigeminal ganglia neurons. A viral vector was used to circumvent the potential complication of examining only a small subpopulation of cells in the heterogeneous cultures. Infection with high titers of recombinant adenovirus containing 1.25 kb of the rat CGRP promoter linked to t

Evidence-based practice presupposes evidence-based decision-making. In the debate it is argued that a social work fashioned after evidence should be more rational, less authoritarian and built on scientific knowledge, respect and ethics. Yet the empirical evidence that this idea works is weak. In fact the difficulties met during efforts to implement evidence could be a sound reaction. Indeed diffi

Prognostic factors for complete tumour response and acute skin damage to combined hyperthermia and radiotherapy were analysed in material of patients with breast cancer, recurrent in previously irradiated areas. Radiotherapy was given daily to a total absorbed dose of 30.0 Gy in 2 weeks or 34.5 Gy in 3 weeks. The first radiotherapy schedule was combined with heat twice weekly, a total of four heat

Intrastriatal 6-hydroxydopamine injections in rats induce partial lesions of the nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) system which are accompanied by a delayed and protracted degeneration of DA neurons within the substantia nigra. By careful selection of the dose and placement of the toxin it is possible to obtain reproducible and regionally defined partial lesions which are well correlated with stable fun

InAs pyramids and platelets on a zinc-blende InAs substrate are found to exhibit a wurtzite crystal structure. induced by wurtzite InAs nanowires, wurtzite InAs thin film and its associated zinc-blende/wurtzite heterocrystalline heterostructures may open up new opportunities in band-gap engineering and related device applications.

Human embryonic stern cells (hESC) are now routinely cultured in many laboratories, and differentiation protocols are available to generate a large variety of cell types. In all ongoing ethical debate opinions of different groups are based oil varying sets of religious, historical, cultural and scientific arguments as well as oil widely differing levels of general information. We here give all ove

Some future directions for mycorrhizal research are discussed. Data from The IPCC Third Assessment Reports 2001 on elevated carbon dioxide the concentration and consequences regarding global climate change, form the basis for arguments that a better understanding of the mycorrhizal activities with regard to controlling carbon flow and plant nutrient flow is essential. Mycorrhiza can be regarded as

Objectives The aim of this study was to estimate the risk of symptoms and the possible derangement of levels of immunologic markers for contemporary Swedish rubber workers. Furthermore, the relation between exposure and these biomarkers of response was examined using urinary levels of 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (TTCA), which reflect the exposure. Methods Included in the study were 166 ex

Participants in an international conference on prophylactic therapy for severe haemophilia developed a consensus summary of the findings and conclusions of the conference. In the consensus, participants agreed upon revised definitions for primary and secondary prophylaxis and also made recommendations concerning the need for an international system of pharmacovigilance. Considerations on starting

The paper critically reviews some themes and methods within qualitative research and argues for self-ethnography as an approach to study universities and other settings which the researcher is highly familiar with, and has direct access to. Advantages and disadvantages are discussed. In particular the struggle between utilizing closeness to empirically rich situations and avoid the closure followi

IgG antibodies are potent inducers of proinflammatory responses. During autoimmune diseases such as arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus, IgG autoantibodies are responsible for the chronic inflammation and destruction of healthy tissues by cross-linking Fc receptors on innate immune effector cells. The sugar moiety attached to the asparagine-297 residue in the constant domain of the antibody

An atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to directly examine the physical state of nanometer-sized particles. The critical diameter of indium particles, where evidence of melting at room temperature was observed, was 7.8 +/- 1.2 nm. This conclusion is based on a method relying on the manipulation of particles in ambient air and at constant temperature. This method involves a simple set-up that pe