The use of pesticides has caused pollution of surface and groundwater, soil and air across the world. Many pesticides cause health effects in humans. General populations are exposed to some degree and diet is reported to be a main source of exposure. It is important to study exposure and exposure-effect relationships in occupational groups and in general populations. For such studies, good methods

High-pressure homogenizers are often used in tomato juice production to fragment tomato cells, to increase viscosity. Compared to emulsification, little is known about the mechanism of cell breakup in general and of vegetable cell breakup in particular. The objective of this contribution is to extend the mechanistic understanding of vegetable cell breakup in homogenizers, using a research methodol

Reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) engines suffer from low thermal efficiency at low loads due to the high hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions. Correspondingly, a direct dual fuel stratification (DDFS) combustion mode is investigated by directly injecting methanol and diesel into cylinder. Multi-objective optimization and detailed comparison are first conducted for the two eng

Objectives: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of death globally, commonly through sudden cardiac death. Cardiac arrest of cardiac origin (CA) is associated with a poor prognosis and there is a great need for risk assessment and intensified preventive actions. In this study we aim to assess if a genetic risk score for CHD, composed of 50 common CHD susceptibility variants (GRS), predi

This paper presents a study where a 3D motion-capture animated ‘virtual speaker’ is compared to a video of a real speaker with regards to how it facilitates children's speech comprehension of narratives in background multitalker babble noise. As secondary measures, children self-assess the listening- and attentional effort demanded by the task, and associates words describing positive or negative

Society faces the double challenge of increasing biomass production to meet the future demands for food, materials and bioenergy, while addressing negative impacts of current (and future) land use. In the discourse, land use change (LUC) has often been considered as negative, referring to impacts of deforestation and expansion of biomass plantations. However, strategic establishment of suitable pe

Sex chromosomes have evolved from the same autosomes multiple times across vertebrates, suggesting that selection for recombination suppression has acted repeatedly and independently on certain genetic backgrounds. Here, we perform comparative genomics of a bird clade (larks and their sister lineage; Alaudidae and Panuridae) where multiple autosome-sex chromosome fusions appear to have formed expa

Det finns många fördelar med att låta studenter vid högre utbildning gruppvis genomföra projektarbete med öppna frågeställningar. Det finns emellertid problem med att sätta individuella betyg i en kurs som till stor del examineras genom det gruppvisa projektarbetet. I kursen EEMA01 Medicinteknisk design ges valet av undervisningsform naturligt av lärandemålens karaktär men betygssättningen böravsp

A large portion of the PhD education in Sweden is dedicated to courses. This made it interesting to explore potential course supervision challenges in the PhD programme. A multiple-case study was conducted to identify such challenges and explore how these are perceived by students and supervisors at the Faculty of Engineering of Lund University. By interviewing students and supervisors in five dif

We developed a pebble-driven core accretion model to study the formation and evolution of planets around stars in the stellar mass range of 0.08 M⊙-1 M⊙. By Monte Carlo sampling of the initial conditions, the growth and migration of a large number of individual protoplanetary embryos were simulated in a population synthesis manner. We tested two hypotheses for the birth locations of embryos: at th

This study focuses on the assessment and selection of applicants for doctoral positions. The empirical data was gathered through a survey among faculty staff at Lund University, Sweden. The findings are also contrasted against the literature within the subject area, which is surprisingly scarce. One interesting finding of the survey is the frequent use of interviews and infrequent use of other ass

Lessons learned in the feedback process are atwo-sided coin that ultimately guide the PhD candidatetowards becoming an independent researcher as well aseducating “reader/docents” in their role as supervisor.Building on a brief literature review, observations from 14interviewed PhD candidates were reflected upon and these arethe suggested lessons learned. The study’s preliminary findingssuggest tha

Engineering education among children has the potential to spark their interest in technical subjects, overcome gender imbalances within the field, and empower young people with the tools to make positive changes in their communities. However, it can be difficult to integrate into existing school curricula, especially when resources are constrained.Here I present a one-year case study conducted in