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Microglia-Secreted Galectin-3 Acts as a Toll-like Receptor 4 Ligand and Contributes to Microglial Activation.

Inflammatory response induced by microglia plays a critical role in the demise of neuronal populations in neuroinflammatory diseases. Although the role of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in microglia's inflammatory response is fully acknowledged, little is known about endogenous ligands that trigger TLR4 activation. Here, we report that galectin-3 (Gal3) released by microglia acts as an endogenous par

Ground-Based Optical Measurements at European Flux Sites: A Review of Methods, Instruments and Current Controversies

This paper reviews the currently available optical sensors, their limitations and opportunities for deployment at Eddy Covariance (EC) sites in Europe. This review is based on the results obtained from an online survey designed and disseminated by the Co-cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action ESO903-"Spectral Sampling Tools for Vegetation Biophysical Parameters and Flux Measurements i

The Radio/Gamma-Ray Connection In Active Galactic Nuclei In The Era Of The Fermi Large Area Telescope

We present a detailed statistical analysis of the correlation between radio and gamma-ray emission of the active galactic nuclei (AGNs) detected by Fermi during its first year of operation, with the largest data sets ever used for this purpose. We use both archival interferometric 8.4 GHz data (from the Very Large Array and ATCA, for the full sample of 599 sources) and concurrent single-dish 15 GH

Model-based Approaches to Diffuse Optical Imaging and Dosimetry

The work within this thesis investigates Photodynamic therapy and Fluorescence imaging for therapeutics and visualization of deeply embedded lesions. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a cancer treatment modality that can eradicate tumors when light, a photosensible drug and oxygen are present. In recent decades there has been an interest in adapting this modality to deep-seated solid tumors. This req

Asymmetric InGaAs/InP MOSFETs With Source/Drain Engineering

We have developed laterally asymmetric In0.53Ga0.47As/InP MOSFETs with different regrown contacts at the source (In0.53Ga0.47As) and the drain (InP). Introducing a wider bandgap material, InP, as the drain electrode, higher voltage gain g(m)/g(d) has been obtained with a reduced output conductance g(d) and improved breakdown voltage V-bd. For L-g = 50 nm, a high oscillation frequency f(max) = 300

On numerical simulations of flow and heat transfer of the bend part of a U-duct

Two-dimensional numerical simulations of the flow and temperature fields inside the bend (turn) part of a U duct have been performed. Both the standard and low Reynolds number k-epsilon models were used to solve the smooth bend (turn) part and ribbed bend (turn) part, respectively. For the standard k-epsilon model, the wall function approach was used at the near wall region where the log-law was a

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Background: Relative measures of birthweight (small and large-for-gestational age, SGA-LGA) are increasingly preferred to absolute measures (low birthweight, macrosomia). In this study we assess whether the national vital statistics provided by the Spanish National Statistical Institute (INE) reliably estimate SGA and LGA. Also, we will assess whether missing data (selection) and misreported infor

Upregulated levels of human β-defensins in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis after allergen-specific immunotherapy treatment.

BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are important actors in the innate immune system. One class of AMPs is the human β-defensins (HBDs), a group of small peptides with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities. Expression of HBDs is downregulated in different manifestations of allergic disease. In this study, we examine whether allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) affects the nasal leve

Dietary intake of acrylamide and pancreatic cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort

In 1994, acrylamide (AA) was classified as a probable human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. In 2002, AA was discovered at relatively high concentrations in some starchy, plant-based foods cooked at high temperatures. A prospective analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between the dietary intake of AA and ductal adenocarcinoma of the exocrine pancreatic c

Crosslinked poly[1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propyne] membranes: Characterization and pervaporation of aqueous tetrahydrofuran mixtures

To enhance their applicability in a broader range of pervaporation feed streams, poly[1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propyne] (PTMSP) membranes have been successfully crosslinked, using a 3,3'-diazido-diphenylsulfone crosslinker. Both photochemical and thermal processes were used to activate the bis(azide) and thus initiate the crosslink reaction. The presented photochemical crosslink process, has an insuff

Gestational diabetes mellitus – prevalence in southern Sweden and risk factors for subsequent diabetes

Popular Abstract in Swedish Graviditetsdiabetes (GDM) innebär att förhöjd glukosnivå i blodet (blodsocker) upptäckts hos en kvinna när hon är gravid. GDM behandlas med anpassad kost, fysisk aktivitet, och när det behövs även insulin, vilket tillsammans har visats motverka de ökade riskerna vid graviditet och förlossning för mamma och barn. Glukosnivåerna normaliseras nästan alltid efter förlossninBackground: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with risks during pregnancy, during delivery, and in later life with a substantial risk of subsequent diabetes. The worldwide prevalence of GDM is increasing, but varies with differences in diagnostic methods and population characteristics. Results: Capillary glucose concentrations were found to be higher than venous glucose concentrat

Incidence and outcomes of dystocia in the active phase of labor in term nulliparous women with spontaneous labor onset

Objective. To estimate the incidence of dystocia among nulliparous women without apparent co-morbidity and to examine maternal and fetal short-term outcomes after dystocia. Design. A multi-center cohort study with prospectively collected data. Setting. Nine obstetric departments with annual birth rates between 850 and 5,400. Population. Low-risk nulliparous women in term spontaneous labor with a s

Rapport från Parmeliaceae-workshop

SLFs Parmeliaceae-workshop i Lund den 19-20 november 2011 lockade 20 deltagare från tre länder. Fokus låg på den nordiska floran, i synnerhet skägglavar, släktet Usnea. Philippe Clerc från Genève var inbjuden för att ge deltagarna en grundlig genomgång hur man skiljer dessa morfologiskt svåra arter.

Development of dual-broadband rotational CARS for applied flame diagnostics

The thesis work involved the further development of the dual-broadband rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (DB-RCARS) approach to applied flame diagnostics. This included the development of new experimental approaches, of new theoretical rotational CARS models, and of new evaluation routines as well as exploration of the potential of DB-RCARS to provide reliable thermometric measure

Topological variability of collectives and its import for social epistemology

Social epistemology studies knowledge and justified belief acquisition through organized group cooperation. To do this, the way such group cooperation is structured has to be modeled. The obvious way of modeling a group structure is with a directed graph; unfortunately, most types of social cooperation directed at epistemological aims are variably implementable, including in their structural expre