Proteoglycans have important biological activities. To improve the overall synthetic efficiency, a new chemoenzymatic route has been established for the proteoglycan linkage region bearing a galactose-xylose disaccharide. The xylosylated glycopeptides were synthesized via solid phase synthesis, which was followed by the addition of the galactose unit by the galactosyl transferase β4GalT7. This wor

Sustainability science is fundamentally an interdisciplinary venture, but what does this interdisciplinarity imply in practice? And how can, and should, we think about interdisciplinarity more generally? These are important philosophical and methodological questions for sustainability science, the answers to which remain at least partially out of sight for a variety of reasons. This chapter has th

This paper presents a structured optimization framework for reducing the computational complexity of LDPC decoders. Subject to specified performance constraints and adaptive to environment conditions, the proposed framework leverages the adjustable performance-complexity tradeoffs of the decoder to deliver satisfying performance with minimum computational complexity. More specifically, two constra

Background: Visual exploration of gene product behavior across multiple omic datasets can pinpoint technical limitations in data and reveal biological trends. Still, such exploration is challenging as there is a need for visualizations that are tailored for the purpose. Results: The OmicLoupe software was developed to facilitate visual data exploration and provides more than 15 interactive cross-d

Rhombohedral-stacked few-layer graphene (FLG) displays peculiar electronic properties that could lead to phenomena such as high-temperature superconductivity and magnetic ordering. To date, experimental studies have been mainly limited by the difficulty in isolating rhombohedral FLG with thickness exceeding 3 layers and device-compatible size. In this work, we demonstrate the synthesis and transfe

An overview of the development, and use of, fictive languages in literature, movies and TV-shows from ancient Greece to 2021.

The difficult manufacturing of helical baffles hinders the widespread application of the enhancement technology and the shortcut leakage between adjacent baffles impairs the enhancement effects. To solve these two issues, the promising anti-leakage and easy-to-manufacture helical baffles with small inclined angle and folded structure are proposed, which can be produced by 2D laser cutting and simp

A number of scholars and industry professionals have claimed that there has been a ‘software-biased shift’ in the nature and direction of innovation, in that software development is a core part of innovation activities in firms across a wide array of industries. Empirical firm-level evidence of such a shift is still scant. In this paper, we employ new and unique firm-level survey data on the frequ

Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) screening using digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) has been shown to increase cancer detection compared with mammography; however, it is unknown whether DBT impacts interval cancer rate (ICR). Methods: We systematically identified prospective DBT studies reporting data on screen-detected and interval BCs to perform a study-level meta-analysis of the comparative eff

Septins are an example of subtle molecular recognition whereby different paralogues must correctly assemble into functional filaments important for essential cellular events such as cytokinesis. Most possess C-terminal domains capable of forming coiled coils which are believed to be involved in filament formation and bundling. Here, we report an integrated structural approach which aims to unravel

Background: To identify apolipoprotein E (APOE)-specific factors that may predict life expectancy after a diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Method: The Swedish Alzheimer Treatment Study (SATS) is a prospective, observational, clinical-practice-based, multicentre study that includes 999 participants diagnosed with mild-to-moderate AD at the start of cholinesterase inhibitor (ChEI) therapy (tim

Precarious manhood beliefs portray manhood, relative to womanhood, as a social status that is hard to earn, easy to lose, and proven via public action. Here, we present cross-cultural data on a brief measure of precarious manhood beliefs (the Precarious Manhood Beliefs scale [PMB]) that covaries meaningfully with other cross-culturally validated gender ideologies and with country-level indices of

We report post-compression of 1.2 ps pulses into the few-cycle regime via multi-pass spectral broadening. We achieve compression factors of 40 in single and 93 in a dual stage scheme using a compact setup.

We present an experimental method capable of characterizing spatio-temporal dynamics of a femtosecond filament v ia F ourier t ransform i nterferometry, p roviding a three-dimensional reconstruction of the driving pulse, while scanning along the entire length of the filament.