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Genetic variants of thiazide-sensitive NaCl-cotransporter in Gitelman's syndrome and primary hypertension

Gitelman's syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by electrolyte disturbances and low blood pressure. The disease is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous inactivating mutations in the thiazide-sensitive NaCl-cotransporter gene leading to reduced renal sodium reabsorption. We report 4 patients with Gitelman's syndrome from southern Sweden, all in whom we identified compo

Actions downstream of cGMP/PKG can reverse PKC-mediated phosphorylation of CPI-17 and Ca2+ sensitization in smooth muscle.

Ca2+ sensitivity of smooth muscle contraction is modulated by several systems converging on myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP). Rho-Rho kinase is considered to inhibit MLCP via phosphorylation, whereas protein kinase C (PKC) induced sensitization has been shown to be dependent on phosphorylation of the inhibitory protein CPI-17. We have explored the interaction of cGMP-dependent protein kinase

Upconversion luminescence of Eu3+ and Mn2+ in ZnS : Mn2+, Eu3+ codoped nanoparticles

Strong upconversion luminescence of both Mn2+ and Eu3+ is observed in ZnS:Mn2+, Eu3+ codoped nanoparticles. Laser power dependencies and spectroscopic data show that the upconversion emission is due to two-photon excitation of each specific dopant ion. The relative differences in two-photon excitation cross section result in different relative intensities for the Eu3+ and Mn2+ upconversion at diff

Solar activity during the last 1000 yr inferred from radionuclide records

Identification of the causes of past climate change requires detailed knowledge of one of the most important natural factors-solar forcing. Prior to the period of direct solar observations, radionuclide abundances in natural archives provide the best-known proxies for changes in solar activity. Here we present two independent reconstructions of changes in solar activity during the last 1000 yr, wh

Human microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1: purification, functional characterization, and projection structure determination.

Human, microsomal, and glutathione-dependent prostaglandin (PG) E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) was expressed with a histidine tag in Escherichia coli. mPGES-1 was purified to apparent homogeneity from Triton X-100-solubilized bacterial extracts by a combination of hydroxyapatite and immobilized metal affinity chromatography. The purified enzyme displayed rapid glutathione-dependent conversion of PGH2 to P

Continuous infusion of factor IX concentrate to induce immune tolerance in two patients with haemophilia B

Two patients with haemophilia B and high-responding inhibitor to factor IX were subjected to immune tolerance induction according to the Malmo protocol, including high dosage of factor IX, cyclophosphamide and intravenous gammaglobulin. In one of the patients the treatment was preceded by extracorporeal protein A adsorption. Both patients had previously been subjected to immune tolerance induction

Monolithic GaAs/InGaP nanowire light emitting diodes on silicon

Vertical light emitting diodes (LEDs) based on GaAs/InGaP core/shell nanowires, epitaxially grown on GaP and Si substrates, have been fabricated. The devices can be fabricated over large areas and can be precisely positioned on the substrates, by the use of standard lithography techniques, enabling applications such as on-chip optical communication. LED functionality was established on both kinds

Self-poisonings with drugs by adolescents in the Lund catchment area

Our objective was to investigate which drugs young people who attempt suicide use in the Lund catchment area-eight municipalities in Skane, southern Sweden. All patients aged up to 18 years admitted to Lund University Hospital after deliberate or probably deliberate self-poisoning from 1 January 1991 until 31 December 1995 were included. Forty-nine (58%) had used a single drug; 20 (24%) had used 3

Dinophysis blooms in the deep euphotic zone of the Baltic Sea: do they grow in the dark?

In situ growth rates of the toxin-producing dinoflagellate Dinophysis norvegica collected in the central Baltic Sea were estimated during the summers of 1998 and 1999. Flow cytometric measurements of the DNA cell cycle of D. norvegica yielded specific growth rates (μ) ranging between 0.1 and 0.4 per day, with the highest growth rates in stratified populations situated at 15–20 m depth. Carbon upta

ERBB2 amplification in breast cancer with a high rate of proliferation

The ERBB2 proto-oncogene was studied in 539 invasive primary breast tumors and was found amplified (2- greater than 30 copies) in 19%. Amplification was correlated to most known risk factors, including; large tumor size, lymph node positivity and many tumor involved nodes, advanced stage, low patient age (less than 40 years), non-diploidy and hypertetraploidy, and most significantly (P less than 0

Role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase gamma in the beta-cell: Interactions with glucagon-like peptide-1

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) increases beta-cell function and growth through protein kinase A- and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3-K)/protein kinase B, respectively. GLP-1 acts via a G protein-coupled receptor, and PI3-K gamma is known to be activated by G(beta gamma). Therefore, the role of PI3-K gamma in the chronic effects of GLP-1 on the beta-cell was investigated using PI3-K gamma knock

Energy transfer in the major intrinsic light-harvesting complex from Amphidinium carterae

Carbonyl carotenoids are important constituents of the antenna complexes of marine organisms. These carotenoids possess an excited state with a charge-transfer character ( intramolecular charge transfer state, ICT), but many details of the carotenoid to chlorophyll energy transfer mechanisms are as yet poorly understood. Here, we employ femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy to study energy

Atomic Force Microscopy Analysis and Confocal Raman Microimaging of Coated Pellets

Polymer-coated pellets with different coating thicknesses have been studied regarding coating morphology and drug release properties with atomic force microscopy (AFM) and confocal Raman microscopy. The results were compared with those from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and drug release profiles, which have been measured previously for these systems and found to vary depending on coating thic

The crow Corvus corone hybrid zone in southern Denmark and northern Germany

In hybrid zones genetically differentiated populations meet and interbreed. As they result from ongoing divergence and potential speciation, such zones provide opportunities to study how different factors affect this process. One well-known avian hybrid zone is that between the Hooded Crow Corvus corone cornix and Carrion Crow C. c. corone, which extends throughout much of Europe. We compare the c