Abstract is not available

BACKGROUND: Arsenic (As) causes oxidative stress through generation of reactive oxygen species. 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), a sensitive marker of oxidative DNA damage, has been associated with As exposure in some studies, but not in others, possibly due to population-specific genetic factors. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the association between As and 8-oxodG in urine in a population

Objective: To determine whether breast feeding or the use of oral contraceptives (OCs) affects the future risk of rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) in a community-based prospective cohort. Methods: A community-based health survey (18 326 women) was linked to regional and national registers, and incident cases of RA were identified. All women with a diagnosis of RA after inclusion in the health survey (n

Background: In juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), the trend towards early therapeutic intervention and the development of new highly effective treatments have increased the need for sensitive and specific imaging. Numerous studies have demonstrated the important role of MRI and US in adult rheumatology. However, investigations of imaging in JIA are rare, and no previous study has been comparing

Knowledge of feeding rates is the basis to understand interaction strength and subsequently the stability of ecosystems and biodiversity. Feeding rates, as all biological rates, depend on consumer and resource body masses and environmental temperature. Despite five decades of research on functional responses as quantitative models of feeding rates, a unifying framework of how they scale with body

This report presents the results from a study of 90 km/h rural roads, where the effects of narrow vs. wide lanes on deterioration, safety, winter maintenance etc have been studied. Empirical studies have been performed of lateral positioning and speed on 16 road objects that vary with regards to lane width (3.25m respectively 3.75m) and presence of guardrail (with or without), other parameters hav

Silicon (Si), in the form of dissolved silicate (DSi), is a key nutrient in marine and continental ecosystems. DSi is taken up by organisms to produce structural elements (e.g., shells and phytoliths) composed of amorphous biogenic silica (bSiO(2)). A global mass balance model of the biologically active part of the modern Si cycle is derived on the basis of a systematic review of existing data reg

Popular Abstract in English This thesis is a collection of three independent but closely related studies. The focus is on the potential causes of skill mismatch, the extent of skill mismatch, the socio-demographic make-up of skill mismatch, and the consequences of skill mismatch in terms of earnings as well as employer sponsored adult education/training. A distinction is made between skill mismatcThis thesis is a collection of three independent but closely related studies. The focus is on the potential causes of skill mismatch, the extent of skill mismatch, the socio-demographic make-up of skill mismatch, and the consequences of skill mismatch in terms of earnings as well as employer sponsored adult education/training. A distinction is made between skill mismatch and education mismatch. Al

Semiconductor nanowire arrays offer significant potential for biosensing applications with optical read-out due to their high surface area and due to the unique optical properties of one-dimensional materials. A challenge for optical read-out of analyte-binding to the nanowires is the need to efficiently collect and detect light from a three-dimensional volume. Here we show that light from fluorop

Interference among predators decreases per capita foraging rates and has implications for both community dynamics and top-down trophic processes. Interference originates from behavioural interactions among foragers, and these behaviours could be affected by environmental conditions. In experiments on pike foraging alone or among conspecifics in different levels of water turbidity, we expected high

Although chemical functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes was extensively studied, in many cases detailed information about the influence of the nanotube metallicity and diameter is missing. Here, we present an X-ray photoemission and absorption spectroscopy study of endohedrally functionalized carbon nanotubes with different diameters, where Ni(II) acetylacetonate molecules are reacte

Fotosyntesen är växternas fantastiska och för oss livgivande metod att med hjälp av energin i solljuset omvandla luftens koldioxid till växtbiomassa och syre. Men många lägre organismer har en fotosyntes som inte producerar nŒgot syre, medan åter andra organismer kan binda koldioxid med hjälp av någon annan energikälla än solljuset. Lars Olof Björn och Jan Bergström reder ut begreppen.

The maximum light use efficiency (LUE = gross primary production (GPP)/absorbed photosynthetic photon flux density (aPPFD)) of plant canopies has been reported to vary spatially and some of this variation has previously been attributed to plant species differences. The canopy nitrogen concentration [N] can potentially explain some of this spatial variation. However, the current paradigm of the N-e

Two studies of testing practices for software product lines identify gaps between required techniques and existing approaches in the available literature. This Web extra offers extra details for the main article (specifically, the bibliography for the two studies described).

Popular Abstract in Swedish Inledning/introduktion: Öppen rekonstruktion av aorta innebär en påtaglig risk för postoperativa komplikationer och dödlighet, särskilt i den äldre befolkningen och i dem som är mindre lämpliga för en sådan stor operation. Endovaskulär aorta kirurgi förefaller säker, hållbar och effektiv när det finns tillräcklig proximal och distal tätningszon för en stentgraft. FenestIntroduction: Open repair of the aorta carries a high risk for morbidity and mortality especially in the elderly population and in patients unfit for major surgery. Endovascular aortic repair is safe, durable and effective when there is adequate proximal and distal sealing zone for the aortic stent graft. Fenestrated and branched stent grafts have made the repair possible for complex but elective

In the field of lighting and daylighting, standard monitoring procedures to assess the overall performance of retrofit projects are scarce. Nevertheless the access to monitored data is crucial to assess whether daylighting or electric lighting systems deliver the expected performance in terms of cost-effectiveness and energy efficiency. In order to bridge this gap, a monitoring protocol is under d

In this work, we discuss the statistical mechanics of many-body systems consisting of electrically charged microgels, and we show that their collective behavior is determined by an interplay between the screened electrostatic and the elastic contributions to their effective interaction potential. The former is derived by means of a statistical-mechanical approach due to Denton [A. R. Denton, Phys.

The basic concept of conditionally replicating adenoviruses (CRAD) as oncolytic agents is that progenies generated from each round of infection will disperse, infect and kill new cancer cells. However, CRAD has only inhibited, but not eradicated tumor growth in xenograft tumor therapy, and CRAD therapy has had only marginal clinical benefit to cancer patients. Here, we found that CRAD propagation