The basal ganglia play an essential role in movement selection and control. It is therefore not surprising that they are central to neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson’s disease and Huntington’s disease. As such, greater knowledge of how the different parts of the basal ganglia behave, both in their normal and in disease states, will increase our understanding of the system and help in findi

Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning av min avhandling i tidningen Laboratoriet

The political development in Belarus differs significantly from that of its western neighbors. An authoritarian, populist regime was established in 1994 on a platform of anti-corruption, Soviet nostalgia, and a rhetorical commitment to the reunification of the east Slavic lands into one state. Over his long rule, Aliaksandr Lukashenka has showed considerable aptitude in adjusting to a changing geo

Virtual reality headsets, such as the HTC Vive, can be used to model objects, forces, and interactions between objects with high perceived realism and accuracy. Moreover, they can accurately track movements of the head and the hands. This combination makes it possible to provide subjects with precise quantitative feedback on their performance while they are learning a motor task. Juggling is a cha

Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a cytokine that has been shown to expand CD8 T cell and natural killer (NK) cell populations, and therefore has potential for potentiating adoptive immune cell therapy for cancer. Previously, IL-15 has been shown to induce proliferation of CD8 memory T cells through activation of telomerase. Here, we investigated whether telomerase is also activated during the IL-15 media

ObjectivesTo identify cytokines that can activate and expand NK cells in the presence of prostate cancer cells in order to determine whether these agents may be useful in future intra‐tumoural administration in pre‐clinical and clinical prostate cancer trials.Materials and MethodsLymphocytes isolated from normal donor blood were set up in co‐cultures with either cancer or non‐cancerous prostate ce

The related transcription factors SOX11, SOX4 and SOX12 (classified as the SOXC family) compete for the same target genes. SOX11 is expressed in most mantle cell lymphomas (MCL) but a small subset is, like normal lymphocytes, SOX11 negative. Here we report the variable expression of SOX4 and high expression of SOX12 in MCL compared to non-malignant tissue. Our results show that the expression of t

Gene expression analysis demonstrated high expression of the neuronal transcription factor SOX11 in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). In contrast to follicular lymphoma, small lymphocytic lymphoma and reactive lymphoid tissue, most MCLs tested (48/53 patients) expressed sox11 protein in the nucleus. Therefore nuclear sox11 expression represents a new tumour marker for a subset of MCL. However, 5/53 MCL

The cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) antagonist rimonabant has been used as treatment for obesity. In addition, anti-proliferative effects on mitogen-activated leukocytes have been demonstrated in vitro. We have previously shown that rimonabant (SR141716A) induces cell death in ex vivo isolated malignant lymphomas with high expression of CB1 receptors. Since CB1 targeting may be part of a future

Cannabinoid receptors 1 (CB1) and/or 2 (CB2) are overexpressed in many types of human malignancies including mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Agonists to CB1 and CB2 promote ceramide de novo synthesis, p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent activation of caspase-3 and apoptotic cell death in most MCLs. However, in this report we describe that in some MCLs the response to treatment with cannabin

The SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 11 (SOX11) gene, located on chromosome 2p25, encodes for a transcription factor that is involved in tissue remodeling during embryogenesis and is crucial for neurogenesis. The role for SOX11 in hematopoiesis has not yet been defined. Two genes under direct control of SOX11 are the class- III β-tubulin gene (TUBB3) in neural cells and the transcription factor

BACKGROUND: Human B lymphocytes can produce leukotriene B4 but the biological function of the 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) pathway in B cells is unclear. In order to better understand and define the role of 5-LO in B cells, we investigated the expression of 5-LO mRNA and protein in subsets of B cells from human tonsils and different types of B cell lymphoma.RESULTS: Based on RT-PCR and western blot/immun

Endogenous and synthetic cannabinoids exert antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects in various types of cancer and in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). In this study, we evaluated the expression of cannabinoid receptors type 1 and type 2 (CB1 and CB2) in non-Hodgkin lymphomas of B cell type (n = 62). A majority of the lymphomas expressed higher mRNA levels of CB1 and/or CB2 as compared to reactive ly

För att stötta nyanlända elever i skriftliga uppgifter i bildämnet kan läraren använda sig av cirkelmodellens fyra steg i textframställningen. Genom att gemensamt bygga upp ämneskunskaper, studera den texttyp som ska skrivas och formulera en första text ges eleven bättre möjligheter att klara en individuell skrivuppgift. Andra konkreta redskap som skrivmallar och begreppslistor fungerar också stöt

Matematikämnets texter ställer höga krav på elevernas läskompetens både när det gäller avkodning och förståelse. Detta innebär en extra utmaning för nyanlända elever. Det finns olika exempel på stöttning som kan ge nyanlända elever möjlighet att fördjupa sina ämneskunskaper i matematik samtidigt som de stärker sitt svenska skolspråk och ämnesspråk. Några exempel är lässtrategier före, under och ef

Sverige framhålls ofta som ett föregångsland gällande personlig assistans (PA) och mänskliga rättigheter. Forskning visar dock att bedömningen av rätten till PA styrs av en medicinsk förståelse av funktionshinder och av ekonomiska snarare än funktionshinderpolitiska mål. Nedskärningar har medfört att antalet med statlig assistansersättning har minskat. Syftet med artikeln är att belysa de motstridSweden is often highlighted as a pioneering country in terms of personal assistance (PA) and human rights. However, research shows that the assessment of PA is guided by a medical understanding of disability and by austerity ratherthan by disability policy. Furthermore, the number of people with state-funded PA has decreased. The purpose of the article is to illuminate the contradictions that char

Att vara tydlig och konkret är centrala aspekter i arbetet med formativ bedömning. Läraren behöver kommunicera en tydlig målbild och ge konkret och begriplig respons inte bara efter utan också under arbetets gång för att både visa på styrkor, utmana eleverna och hjälpa dem vidare. Vid kamratrespons är det angeläget att läraren förbereder den språkliga inramningen av responsen, till exempel med hjä

This case study investigates the potentials, greenhouse gas (GHG), and energy performance of forest residue biofuels produced by new and emerging production technologies, which are commercially implemented in Sweden for heavy transport. The biofuel options included are ethanol (ED 95), hydro-processed vegetable oil (HVO), and liquefied biogas (LBG) produced from logging residues in forestry and sa

A life cycle assessment is presented for a current vehicle’s greenhouse gas impact when using a combination of electrification and renewable fuels. Three degrees of electrification are considered: a hybrid electric vehicle, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, and a battery-electric vehicle. These are combined with fuels with various degrees of renewable content, representing a fossil fuel, a first-