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Recension av Alice Petrén, Terroristen i Touluse. Anteckningar om Frankrikes algeriska historia

The specific way the Athenians set up their democracy presents both theoretical and empirical challenges. Decisions were taken by majority vote in the Assembly. To keep politicians in line, the Athenians first used ostracism, which however was replaced by the graphe paranomon around 415 BCE. The latter provided that anybody who had made a proposal in the Assembly could be accused of having made an

Education and wealth are positively correlated for individuals approaching retirement, but the direction of the causal relationship is ambiguous in theory and has not been identified in practice. We combine administrative data on individual total wealth with a reform expanding access to lower secondary school in Denmark in the 1950s, finding that schooling increases pension annuity claims but redu

AimThe aim was to explore the ambulance service as experienced by present and former employees.BackgroundOver the last decade, the number of ambulance assignments has increased annually by about 10%, and as many as 50% of all ambulance assignments are considered non-urgent. This raises questions about which assignments the Ambulance Service (AS) is supposed to deal with.Design/methodData were coll

Viktor Yushchenko’s 2010 designation of Stepan Bandera, the war‐time leader of the most radical and violent branch of the Ukrainian far right, as a national hero constituted, in many ways, the climax of the third post‐Soviet Ukrainian president’s instrumentalization of history. Yushchenko’s political use of history triggered sharply polarized, and often emotional discussions of Bandera’s role in h

Endospore cortex peptidoglycan synthesis is notrequired for bacterial growth but essential for endo-spore heat resistance. It therefore constitutes anamenable system for research on peptidoglycan bio-genesis. The Bacillus subtilis sporulation-specificclass B penicillin-binding protein (PBP) SpoVD andmany homologous PBPs contain two conserved cys-teine residues of unknown function in the transpepti

We are motivated by a tantalizing open question in exact algorithms: can we detect whether an n-vertex directed graph G has a Hamiltonian cycle in time significantly less than 2^n? We present new randomized algorithms that improve upon several previous works: 1. We show that for any constant 0

Succinate:quinone reductase catalyzes electron transfer from succinate to quinone in aerobic respiration. Carboxin is a specific inhibitor of this enzyme from several different organisms. We have isolated mutant strains of the bacterium Paracoccus denitrificans that are resistant to carboxin due to mutations in the succinate:quinone reductase. The mutations identify two amino acid residues, His228

Arsenate reductase (AR) in B. subtilis is encoded by the chromosomal arsC gene. Together with arsB and arsR, arsC participates in detoxification processes for the arsenate and arsenite ions. Full-length arsenate reductase without any modification has been expressed in Escherichia coli and purified in a soluble form. The recombinant protein has been crystallized at 277 K using polyethyleneglycol (P

Succinate:quinone reductases are membrane-bound enzymes that catalyze electron transfer from succinate to quinone. Some enzymes in vivo reduce ubiquinone (exergonic reaction) whereas others reduce menaquinone (endergonic reaction). The succinate:menaquinone reductases all contain two heme groups in the membrane anchor of the enzyme: a proximal heme (heme b(P)) located close to the negative side of

We have cloned an Enterococcus faecalis gene cluster, cydABCD, which when expressed in Bacillus subtilis results in a functional cytochrome bd terminal oxidase. Our results indicate that E. faecalis V583 cells have the capacity of aerobic respiration when grown in the presence of heme.

Purpose: Although advances in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) treatment have led to improved disease-free survival, this has been accompanied by an increased risk of second cancers. We sought to quantify the second cancer risks and to investigate the impact of family history. Patients and Methods: Using the Swedish Family-Cancer Project Database, we identified 9,522 individuals with primary HL diagnosed bet

Background: Although routine administration of pharmacologic sedation or analgesia during mechanical ventilation in preterm neonates is not recommended, its use in clinical practice remains common. Alpha-2 agonists, mainly clonidine and dexmedetomidine, are used as adjunctive (or alternative) sedative agents alongside opioids and benzodiazepines. Clonidine has not been systematically assessed for