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BACKGROUND: Changes in ischemic white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume on magnetic resonance imaging over time are associated with cognitive decline. We investigated whether changes in WMH volume over time exhibit threshold effects of normalized WMH volume on declining cognitive performance and whether these effects on cognition differ between deep WMHs (DWMHs) and periventricular WMHs (PVWMHs).
Smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) is a precursor to multiple myeloma (MM) and present in 0.5% of the population over 40 years old [1, 2]. In 10–20% of MM patients, the clonal BMPC do not produce intact M proteins but only free light chains (FLC) [3, 4]. This subgroup termed light-chain MM and well-characterized, but light-chain SMM is not clearly defined.Historically, monoclonal FLC were detected
The Nordic welfare states have a long history of local-level activation to combat unemployment. This study explored how employers perceive and experience the function of municipal activation and its participants. We carried out interviews with 277 Swedish employers. Most employers did not perceive municipal activation centers as a relevant collaboration, though they widely accepted the idea that a
Over-indebtedness is a societal problem affecting nearly half a million individuals in Sweden, placing them at risk of deteriorating health and well-being. Municipal budget and debt counselling services constitute the only welfare actors that offer preventive support to individuals at risk. Despite this, regulations governing preventive debt counselling in the new Social Services Act remain vague,
Although research highlights significant risks and problems associated with activating persons with high thresholds to enter the labour market, the Swedish government is expanding activation requirements within social assistance. In anticipation of the upcoming benefit reform, there is therefore a need to highlight key lessons from recent research regarding what the activation requirement might me
In this work we introduce a new method for the construction of minimal submanifolds of codimension two in even dimensional spheres and hyperbolic spaces. This is based on the theory of complex-valued harmonic morphisms. This gives the first explicit examples of such maps defined on the sphere S^4 and the hyperbolic space H^4.
This chapter reviews and critically examines the evolution of systemic conceptual perspectives on energy innovation. It argues that energy innovation is by definition a systemic innovation problem, which cannot be adequately depicted with linear or chain-linked innovation models. It rather depends on complex and interrelated changes in technologies, actor networks and institutional arrangements, w
Importance Biological staging of Alzheimer disease (AD) can improve diagnostic accuracy and prognostic assessment. However, existing approaches often require invasive procedures and specialized infrastructure, limiting their routine clinical use. Objective To develop and validate a plasma-based biological staging model that closely mirrors an amyloid and tau positron emission tomography (PET)–base
Background: According to the World Health Organization, all healthy pregnant women are recommended to engage in at least 150 min of regular moderate-intensity aerobic activity per week. This level of physical activity is associated with numerous physical and psychological health benefits and helps to reduce the risk of being overweight, gestational diabetes, and preeclampsia. Despite its importanc
Sodium chloride (NaCl) has been proposed as a retrospective and prospective dosemeter for optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimetry. The potential for NaCl pellets for individualised in situ dose assessment during a radiological or nuclear emergency was enhanced by their suitability with a portable OSL reader. The current paper studies the possibility of developing a public dosimetric badg
Trust is widely recognised as an important determinant of lending relationships, yet existing finance literature typically treats trust as a single construct and rarely examines how different trust dimensions operate across financial contracts with distinct risk structures. Our research addresses this gap by distinguishing between competence-based trust (perceived managerial capability) and value-
Amyloid deposition is a hallmark of numerous age-related diseases, and understanding the chemical mechanisms that govern amyloid formation is crucial for advancing the rational development of protein aggregation inhibitors. With amyloid formation rates varying widely across proteins, here we report the quantitative aggregation mechanism of medin, the most common localized amyloid in humans, and fi
Time-dependent diffusion MRI enables the estimation of water exchange rates in vivo. Most studies attribute these estimates to membrane permeability. However, non-permeative geometric exchange may also contribute. The present study investigates the contribution of geometric exchange between dendritic spines and shafts to diffusion MRI-derived exchange estimates. Monte Carlo simulations were perfor
Den ökande åldern hos brobestånden världen över kräver en systematisk utvärderingav deras säkerhet och en uppskattning av deras återstående livslängd. Samtidigtmedför strävan efter hållbarhet och kostnadseffektivitet att infrastrukturförvaltarebehöver förlänga användningen av befintliga konstruktioner och därigenom minskautsläppen av växthusgaser samt optimera användningen av ekonomiska resurser.FThe growing age of bridge inventories worldwide demands a systematic evaluation of their safety and estimation of their remaining service life. At the same time, the pursuit of sustainability and cost efficiency compels infrastructure managers to prolong the use of existing structures, thereby reducing greenhouse gas emissions and optimising financial resources. To achieve these objectives, assess
Objectives: FLASH radiotherapy is an innovative technique that delivers radiation at ultra-high dose rates (UHDR), offering tumor control comparable to conventional (CONV) radiotherapy while significantly reducing normal tissue toxicity. Here we aim to determine the effects of FLASH compared to CONV radiotherapy in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) models. Methods: Using an in-house 6 MeV line
Aims: To describe healthcare professionals’ interactions with pediatric patients at an adult ICU. Methods: This non-participant naturalistic observational study was conducted at two adult ICUs in Sweden. Inclusion criteria were children aged 0–15 years, where both the child and the parent could speak and understand Swedish or English. Children undergoing palliative care were excluded. The observat
