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Sarcospan-dependent Akt activation is required for utrophin expression and muscle regeneration
Narrow and broad functions of negation in a miniature artificial language
Competence and confusion : How stereotype threat can make you a bad judge of your competence
Women tend to have competence doubts for masculine-stereotyped domains (e.g., math), whereas men tend to think they can handle both feminine-stereotyped and masculine-stereotyped domains equally well. We suggest that perhaps women's more frequent experience with stereotype threat can partly explain why. Our results showed that when stereotype threat was primed in high school students (n = 244), th
War on Terrorism-Data : A Research Note
Omvägar i filmberättandet : Växelklippningens utveckling
Essä om utvecklingen och betydelsen av växelklippning för filmberättandet.
The Cross before Christ : Ecclesiastical History and Esotericism in the Antiquarian Scholarship of Johannes Bureus
In situ light dosimetry during whole bladder wall photodynamic therapy : clinical results and experimental verification
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using Photofrin IIR (PII) as a photosensitizer is currently being evaluated as a new treatment modality for superficial bladder cancer. An optimum therapeutic ratio requires uniform illumination of the whole bladder wall and accurate light dosimetry. The first clinical light dosimetry results (16 patients) are reported, obtained using a system which allows in situ measur
On the Fourier dimension and a modification
We give a sufficient condition for the Fourier dimension of a countable union of sets to equal the supremum of the Fourier dimensions of the sets in the union, and show by example that the Fourier dimension is not countably stable in general. A natural approach to finite stability of the Fourier dimension for sets would be to try to prove that the Fourier dimension for measures is finitely stable,
Creatine kinase knockout mice - what is the phenotype : Skeletal muscle
Global HDO uptake in human glioma xenografts is related to the perfused capillary distribution
The aim of this study is to evaluate the existence of a possible relationship between global deuterium-labeled water (HDO) uptake rates and the diffusion geometry of human glioma xenografts in nude mice. HDO diffusion times in the whole extravascular tumor volume were estimated by combining quantitative (1)H-MR diffusion imaging and morphometric analysis of intercapillary distances in two tumor li
Effects of ischemia on skeletal muscle energy metabolism in mice lacking creatine kinase monitored by in vivo 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
The aim of this study was to provide in vivo experimental evidence for the proposed biological significance of the creatine kinase (CK)/phosphocreatine (PCr) system in the energy metabolism of skeletal muscle. As a test system we compared hindlimb muscle of knockout mice lacking the cytosolic M-type (M-CK(-)/(-)), the mitochondrial ScMit-type (ScCKmit(-)/(-)), or both creatine kinase isoenzymes (C
Proton MR spectroscopy of wild-type and creatine kinase deficient mouse skeletal muscle : dipole-dipole coupling effects and post-mortem changes
Localized proton MR spectra of mouse skeletal muscle obtained at 7 T show dipole-dipole coupling effects for creatine and putative taurine resonances and for the lactate methine signal. These effects are independent of the presence of creatine kinase. The intensity of the methylene (1)H resonance of creatine is not different between wild-type and creatine kinase deficient mice, which have a lower
Introduction to in vivo 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy of (human) skeletal muscle
31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) offers a unique non-invasive window on energy metabolism in skeletal muscle, with possibilities for longitudinal studies and of obtaining important bioenergetic data continuously and with sufficient time resolution during muscle exercise. The present paper provides an introductory overview of the current status of in vivo 31P MRS of skeletal muscle, focusi
Automatic correction for phase shifts, frequency shifts, and lineshape distortions across a series of single resonance lines in large spectral data sets
A new model-free method is presented that automatically corrects for phase shifts, frequency shifts, and additional lineshape distortions of one single resonance peak across a series of in vivo NMR spectra. All separate phase and frequency variations are quickly and directly derived from the common lineshape in the data set using principal component analysis and linear regression. First, the new a
Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Quantitation : a Review of Modern time-domain Analysis Methods
Common processing of in vivo MR spectra
This introductory article addresses approaches currently in use to process in vivo spectra. First, a brief overview is given of the information content represented by the parameters of MR signals. Subsequently, common steps in the processing of MR spectra such as pre-processing, normalisation and quantification and the use of prior knowledge are described. Finally, some prospects for more advanced
Creatine kinase B-driven energy transfer in the brain is important for habituation and spatial learning behaviour, mossy fibre field size and determination of seizure susceptibility
Creatine kinases are important in maintaining cellular-energy homeostasis, and neuroprotective effects have been attributed to the administration of creatine and creatine-like compounds. Herein we examine whether ablation of the cytosolic brain-type creatine kinase (B-CK) in mice has detrimental effects on brain development, physiological integrity or task performance. Mice deficient in B-CK (B-CK
Presence of (phospho)creatine in developing and adult skeletal muscle of mice without mitochondrial and cytosolic muscle creatine kinase isoforms
We assessed the relationship between phosphocreatine (PCr) and creatine (Cr) content and creatine kinase (CK) activity in skeletal muscle of mice. The PCr and total Cr (tCr) concentrations, as well as CK activity, in hindlimb muscles of mice, with or without the cytosolic and mitochondrial isoforms of muscle creatine kinase (wild-type or CK--/-- mice), were determined by in vivo magnetic resonance