Molecular Mechanisms of L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia
The dopamine (DA) precursor, 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-L-alanine (L-DOPA), is the most effective treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD), but causes dyskinesias (abnormal involuntary movements) in the vast majority of patients. There is a wide consensus that L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) depends on both pre- and postsynaptic disturbances of the nigrostriatal DA transmission. Presynaptically, LID is ass