Adeno-associated virus (AAV) capsid modification enables the generation of recombinant vectors with tailored properties and tropism. Most approaches to date depend on random screening, enrichment, and serendipity. The approach explored here, called BRAVE (barcoded rational AAV vector evolution), enables efficient selection of engineered capsid structures on a large scale using only a single screen

AbstractShiga toxin (Stx) is the main virulence factor of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC). EHEC strains cause gastrointestinal infection and release Stx that can gain access to the circulation. Patients may develop hemolytic uremic syndrome with extensive kidney damage. In the first paper we investigated if blood cell-derived microvesicles released during EHEC infection contain Stx. Toxi

The effect of insulin secretagogues on the incorporation of [32P]ortho-phosphate into phospholipids was studied in microdissected islets from obese-hyperglycemic mice. Increased 32P-labelling was observed after incubation for 60 min with 10 mM l-leucine, 10 mM l-arginine or 20 mM d-glucose. Most of the label occurred in the phosphatidyl inositol fraction. The effect of l-leucine was additive to th

A general framework for determining fundamental bounds in nanophotonics is introduced in this paper. The theory is based on convex optimization of dual problems constructed from operators generated by electromagnetic integral equations. The optimized variable is a contrast current defined within a prescribed region of a given material constitutive relations. Two power conservation constraints anal

Bokrecension

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) are two autoimmune diseases that can occur together or separately. Insights into the pathogenesis have revealed similarities, such as development of autoantibodies targeting subcellular antigens as well as a shared increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity, potentially due to mutual pathologic mechanisms. In this review, we wi

A large number of observational epidemiological studies have reported generally positive associations between circulating mass and activity levels of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) and the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Few studies have been large enough to provide reliable estimates in different circumstances, such as in different subgroups (e.g., by age group, sex, or smokin

Biochemical analyses were performed on blood samples obtained from two children (P1, P2) who presented with acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) following a recent varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection. Patient sera had antibodies that were reactive with normal blood-group O platelets as measured by flow-cytometric assay. Western blot analysis of electrophoretically separated normal blood-

Background: Periodontal disease is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) but it is unknown if periodontal disease severity is associated with asymptomatic carotid plaque. The aim of the current population-based, observational study was to investigate if signs of periodontal disease are associated with the occurrence of carotid plaque and total plaque area (TPA). Methods: The Malmö Offspring

Paper 1: “The Effects of Board Independence on Busy Directors and Firm Value: Evidence from Regulatory Changes in Sweden.” I use an exogenous change to the rules of corporate governance for Swedish firms in 2005 to identify the causal effects of changes in board structure on firm value. The new rules require there to be at least 50 percent independent directors on the boards of large firms. This o

Mobile-phone-based, person-to-person payment and money transfer systems are innovative—but are they really good for poverty reduction and development?

Recent scientific research highlights the urgent need to protect Europe’s remaining – and rapidly declining– biological diversity. The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is one of the major tools with which policymakers in the European Union (EU) can achieve this aim. However, so far, the CAP has proved largely ineffective – or even detrimental – to this goal. With relatively localised exceptions, t

Objective: To develop clinical tools assessing the refluxogenic potential of foods and beverages (F&B) consumed by patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). Methods: European experts of the LPR Study group of the Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federation of Oto-rhino-laryngological societies were invited to identify the components of Western European F&B that would be ass

To the publicly elected politicians of Sweden: Two out of three Swedes are worried about climate change since it poses a significant threat to our safety, freedom and democracy. This pamphlet will help you to better understand how our society will be affected by the climate crisis if we do not urgently take appropriate measures. The pamphlet will also give you strategies for how to counteract this

Aims: Posttranslational modifications of histones and transcription factors regulate gene expression and are implicated in beta-cell failure and diabetes. We have recently shown that preserving H3K27 and H3K4 methylation using the lysine demethylase inhibitor GSK-J4 reduces cytokine-induced destruction of beta-cells and improves beta-cell function. Here, we investigate the therapeutic potential of

Establishing connections between changes in linear DNA sequences and complex downstream mesoscopic pathology remains a major challenge in biology. Herein, we report a novel, multi-modal and multiscale imaging approach for comprehensive assessment of cardiovascular physiology in Drosophila melanogaster. We employed high-speed angiography, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and confocal microscopy t

A measurement of jet substructure observables is presented using data collected in 2016 by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC with proton-proton collisions at s = 13 TeV. Large-radius jets groomed with the trimming and soft-drop algorithms are studied. Dedicated event selections are used to study jets produced by light quarks or gluons, and hadronically decaying top quarks and W bosons. The observabl