Semi-dwarf barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) brh2 and ari-l mutants are deficient in a U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase
Lodging is the process where crop plants fall over and lie on the ground due to strong winds and heavy precipitation. This problem reduces yield and increases the risk of fungal infections and pre-harvest germination. In order to avoid lodging, plant breeders utilize short-culm mutants, which often have a robust culm that can support the weight of a heavy spike. In barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), tho