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Auger-electron spectroscopy (AES) has developed to a major tool for chemical identification and for characterization of solid surfaces. As first emphasized by Lander[1], it can also be used a spectroscopy for gaining information on occupied electron states and their interactions. However, AES gives a far less direct picture of the occupied states than does, for example, angle-resolved photoemissio
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In Mozambique, despite considerable investments in the promotion of drinking water supplies, the access to quality water of sufficient quantity for the majority of people is still far from optimal. Current official figures report that nearly half of the country´s population and about 45 per cent of urban residents do not have access to safe water. As a result of poor performance or absence of publ
We consider ultra light-weight constructions of message authentication in hardware applications like RFID. We propose a new type of constructions that will be less costly to implement in hardware, compared to any previous construction. These constructions are based on the framework of universal hash functions, Toeplitz matrices and
In this paper we generalize some basic applications of Gröbner bases in commutative polynomial rings to the non-commutative case. We define a non-commutative elimination order. Methods of finding the intersection of two ideals are given. If both the ideals are monomial we deduce a finitely written basis for their intersection. We find the kernel of a homomorphism, and decide membership of the imag
Scholarship speech prepared for the AWAPATENT Foundation for the Promotion of Scientific Research in the Area of Intellectual Property Rights, Operaterassen Stockholm, Jan. 27th, 2009
This paper explores market integration in Lao PDR, focusing on the beer market. At the time of analysis, the Lao beer market exhibited some highly unusual features that facilitate our exploration. Beer Lao, the domestic beer brand, was completely dominant in the market – importation of beer was not allowed, and informal (illegal) imports were of very limited importance. Beer Lao was produced in on
