In insects airborne odors are detected by the odorant receptors (ORs) and ionotropic receptors (IRs), located on the dendritic membrane of the olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) housed in olfactory sensilla. The OR and IR gene families show high plasticity in lineage expansion and contraction following the birth-and-death evolutionary model. Gene duplication is an important mechanism underlying the

The research area of climate field reconstructions has developed strongly during the past 20 years, motivated by the need to understand the complex dynamics of the earth system in a changing climate. Climate field reconstructions aim to build a consistent gridded climate reconstruction of different variables, often from a range of climate proxies, using either statistical tools or a climate model

At the time of cancer diagnosis, body mass index (BMI) is inversely correlated with lung cancer risk, which may reflect reverse causality and confounding due to smoking behavior. We used two-sample univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) to estimate causal relationships of BMI and smoking behaviors on lung cancer and histological subtypes based on an aggregated genome-wide assoc

Furfuryl thioacetate was evaluated for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, phototoxicity/photoallergenicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety. Data show that furfuryl thioacetate is not genotoxic. The repeated dose, reproductive, and local respiratory toxicity endpoints were evaluated using the threshold of toxicological concern (TTC

Objective: To develop a preoperative risk model, using endometrial biopsy results and clinical and ultrasound variables, to predict the individual risk of lymph-node metastases in women with endometrial cancer. Methods: A mixed-effects logistic regression model for prediction of lymph-node metastases was developed in 1501 prospectively included women with endometrial cancer undergoing transvaginal

Craniopharyngiomas (CP) are rare brain tumors managed primarily with surgery and radiotherapy. There are 2 phenotypes of CP, i.e., one with a rather good outcome without hypothalamic damage and another with hypothalamic damage. With hypothalamic damage, progressive disease with recurrent operations and additional cranial radiotherapy often result in hypothalamic obesity, an affected psychosocial l

This thesis analyses medals issued between 1560 and 1792 in Sweden and studies the practices and roles related to these objects. It aims to contribute to the understanding of the varying uses and functions of early modern medals by applying a long-term perspective that connects Renaissance, Baroque, and Neoclassical medals. The study asks why are medals commissioned, how the intention is reflected

Environmental pressures, such as urbanization and exposure to pollutants may jeopardize survival of free-living animals. Yet, much remains to be known about physiological and ecological responses to currently-released pollutants, especially in wild vertebrate ectotherms. We tested the effect of urbanization and pollution (phthalates, organochlorine and pyrethroid pesticides, polychlorobiphenyls, p

Purpose: It is common for radiation oncologists (ROs) today to have a mixed arsenal of radiotherapy treatment modalities at their disposal. To optimize a clinic's use of its different treatment modalities, while at the same time giving every patient an optimal treatment, is not a trivial task. The purpose of this study was to give ROs a tool to choose between available modalities. This would help

This study is the first proof of concept that the FLASH effect can be triggered by X-rays. Our results show that a 10 Gy whole-brain irradiation delivered at ultra-high dose-rate with synchrotron generated X-rays does not induce memory deficit; it reduces hippocampal cell-division impairment and induces less reactive astrogliosis.

In this paper, we study the effect of optimizing the per-antenna digital predistortion (DPD) sizes on the performance of the downlink massive MIMO system with residual hardware impairment. In particular, we first quantify the capacity after applying some per-antenna DPD with different numbers of coefficients at each antenna and then maximize the capacity by finding optimum values of the per-antenn

β-1,4-Galactosyltransferase 7 (β4GalT7) is a key enzyme in the synthesis of two classes of glycosaminoglycans (GAG), i.e., heparan sulfate (HS) and chondroitin/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS). GAG chains are linear polysaccharides of alternating hexuronic acid and N-acetylhexosamine residues, commonly linked to core proteins to form proteoglycans with important roles in the regulation of a range of biolo

Introduction: Gender affirming surgery of primary and/or secondary sex characteristics has been shown to alleviate gender dysphoria. A descriptive snapshot of current treatment preferences is useful to understand the needs of the transgender population seeking health care. This study aimed to describe preferences for gender affirming treatment, and their correlates, among individuals seeking healt

The spruce bark beetle Ips typographus is the most damaging pest in European spruce forests and has caused great ecological and economic disturbances in recent years. Although native to Eurasia, I. typographus has been intercepted more than 200 times in North America and could establish there as an exotic pest if it can find suitable host trees. Using in vitro bioassays, we compared the preference

Background Although GFR is a good general indicator of renal disease, it will not detect those renal diseases in which the composition of the glomerular filtrate is deranged in the presence of a normal GFR. Markers for filtration quality were therefore sought.Methods The plasma levels of GFR-markers of various sizes were determined in healthy pregnant females, in patients with preeclampsia or on h

Although the use of location-based data (location coupled with semantic information) within Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and from Earth Observation (e.g. satellite) sources has been long established for decision makers, this has only recently been reflected in the construction sector with a more recent move from Computer Aided Design (CAD) to Building Information Modelling. BIM has opene

Diffusion MRI techniques are used widely to study the characteristics of the human brain connectome in vivo. However, to resolve and characterise white matter (WM) fibres in heterogeneous MRI voxels remains a challenging problem typically approached with signal models that rely on prior information and constraints. We have recently introduced a 5D relaxation–diffusion correlation framework wherein