Background: Many HIV-1-infected patients on suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) have transiently elevated HIV RNA levels. The clinical significance of these viral blips is uncertain. We have determined the incidence of blips and investigated important associations in the Swedish HIV-cohort. Methods: HIV-1-infected ART naïve adults who commenced ART 2007-2013 were retrospectively included. Vir

A 2-year-old boy underwent an uneventful transanal endorectal pull-through for Hirschsprung's disease. Postoperatively he suffered from pneumaturia which prompted surgical evaluation. He was found to have a rectum to seminal vesicle fistula. He was re-operated closing the fistula through an anterior transperineal approach with a successful operative outcome.

Objective: Preoperative pain and function is viewed as an important predictor of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) outcomes. We examined whether variations in pain and function outcomes existed at 12 months between two centres in Sweden and Australia, and whether this was explained by variations in patient presentation for TKA. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data

Genetic studies of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) have identified a total of 53 CRS-associated SNPs that were subsequently evaluated for their reproducibility in a recent study. The rs2873551 SNP in linkage disequilibrium with PARS2 showed the strongest association signal. The present study aims to comprehensively screen for rare variants in PARS2 and evaluate for accumulation of such variants in CR

Magnetkameran är en fantastisk medicinsk bildutrustning som kan producera detaljerade bilder av insidan av kroppen. Förutom bilder av vävnaden och dess struktur så kan magnetkameran också användas till att mäta olika egenskaper hos vävnaden. Om en vävnadsegenskap mäts i varje bildpixel så kan den resulterande bilden (parameterkartan) visas och användas för medicinsk bedömning, vilket kallas för kvThe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner is a remarkable medical imaging device, capable of producing detailed images of the inside of the body. In addition to imaging internal tissue structures, the scanner can also be used to measure various properties of the tissue. If a tissue property is measured in every image pixel, the resulting property image (the parameter map) can be displayed and u

The different processes used for producing carrageenan, which is a sulfated polysaccharide consisting of complex mixture of sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium, are discussed. The sources of carrageenan are several genera and species of red algae. The traditional production process involves extraction with water and mechanical devices to remove most extraneous products. A new generation of s

This introduction to the biology of standing waters integrates the effects of abiotic constraints and biotic interactions at both the population and community level, and examines how the distribution and success of different organisms in this freshwater habitat can be explained and predicted

We recently reported an increased incidence of second malignancies in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). To elucidate whether this increase may be linked, not to TKI but rather to a hereditary or acquired susceptibility to develop cancer, we estimated the prevalence of malignancies, autoimmune disease (AD) and chronic inflammatory disease (CID) i

Gliadin and glutenin proteins with 10, 20, 30 and 40% of glycerol were compression molded into films (130 °C) and evaluated for protein polymerization, β-sheet structure and nano-structural morphology. Here, for the first time we show how different amounts of glycerol impact the nano-structure and functional properties of the gliadin and glutenin films. Most polymerized protein was found in the gl

Previously, radiostereometric analysis following hip revision performed using impacted morsellised allograft bone and a cemented Exeter stem has shown continuous subsidence of the stem for up to five years. It is not known whether the subsidence continues thereafter. In our study, 17 of 25 consecutive osteo-arthritic patients with aseptically loose stems who underwent first-time revision using imp

We report the growth of InAs/GaSb core-shell heterostructure nanowires with smooth sidewalls on Si substrates using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition with no assistance from foreign catalysts. Sb adatoms were observed to strongly influence the morphology of the GaSb shell. In particular, Ga droplets form on the nanowire tips when a relatively low TMSb flow rate is used, whereas the droplets

The Sn intercalation into a buffer layer graphene grown on 4H-SiC(0001) substrate has been studied with spectroscopic photoemission and low energy electron microscope. Both SnSix and SnOx interfacial layers are found to form below the buffer layer, converting it into a quasi-free-standing monolayer graphene. Combining the various operation modes of the microscope allows a detailed insight into the

A ripe strawberry looks red to our eyes in sunlight and in the green light of a forest, although the spectrum of light reflected from its surface differs dramatically. This is caused by two effects: colour constancy and our ability to learn relative colour cues - the ripe strawberry remains relatively 'redder' than an unripe green strawberry. While colour constancy - the ability to recognize colou

The view that an agent’s cognitive processes sometimes include proper parts found outside the skin and skull of the agent is gaining increasing acceptance in philosophy of mind. One main empirical touchstone for this so-called active externalism is Edwin Hutchins’ theory of distributed cognition (DCog). However, the connection between DCog and active externalism is far from clear. While active ext

Early genome-wide association (GWA) studies on Parkinson's disease (PD) have not been able to yield conclusive, replicable signals of association, perhaps due to limited sample size. We aimed to investigate whether association signals derived from the meta-analysis of the first two GWA investigations might be replicable in different populations. We examined six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP

The best validated susceptibility variants for Parkinson's disease are located in the α-synuclein (SNCA) and microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) genes. Recently, a protective p.N551K-R1398H-K1423K haplotype in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene was identified, with p.R1398H appearing to be the most likely functional variant. To date, the consistency of the protective effect of LRR

This article presents an analysis of different ways of producing historical narratives in the Swedish football environment. The examples are based on the activities around AIK, a top league football club from Stockholm. In the article I present a tifo and a tattoo, stitching and inking, as actual modes of writing history. Big clubs like AIK not only attract many fans, but also stimulate creative e