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A proof system P is said to be automatable in time f(N) if there exists an algorithm that given as input an unsatisfiable formula F outputs a refutation of F in the proof system P in time f(N), where N is the size of the smallest P-refutation of F plus the size of F. Atserias and Bonet (ECCC 2002), observed that tree-like k-DNF resolution is automatable in time Nc·k log N for a universal constant

Climate change and human activities threaten the availability and quality of fresh water resources globally, especially in less developed countries, where poverty and natural disaster risks are present. Despite important research efforts, gaps still exist regarding the understanding of the spatial-temporal variations of water quality and the movement of organic matter within tropical mountain lake

Geographic information systems are used to integrate historical water quality data with information layers derived from diverse sources and represents important tools for the water resources management at watershed scale. This study aimed to collect data sources at the watershed level and compare coincident water quality parameters to find spatial and temporal changes related to land use / land co

A novel pre-purification method was developed for producing peroxidase to guarantee high purity and yield from plant cell cultures in large-scale process. This method was a simple and efficient procedure for the isolation and pre-purification of peroxidase from the biomass consisting of active clay treatment, followed by cationic exchange chromatography. The use of active clay in the pre-purificat

Trafikverket är enligt Järnvägssäkerhetslag (2022:367), 2 kap., 2 § skyldigt att ha ett säkerhetsstyrningssystem. Säkerhetsstyrningssystemet ska utformas så att de risker som verksamheten kan ge upphov till kan hanteras det vill säga att identifiera, analysera och utvärdera risker som är relevanta för, i detta fall järnvägstunnlar. För att tillgodose kraven i ett praktiskt sammanhang behövs någon

Three histone H1 variants were extracted from human placental tissue in a single process using a high-salt buffer solution, and purified by ion exchange, hydroxyapatite, and reversed-phase chromatography. In the first chromatographic step, a cation exchanger resin, SP-Sepharose FF, was used to remove impurities having molecular weights higher than those of histones. In the second chromatographic s

The urgency of addressing the harms of AI chatbots was underscored in the recent US Senate Judiciary Committee hearing, “Examining the Harm of AI Chatbots.” During the hearing, parents of children recounted the harrowing stories of AI chatbot-influenced mental health emergencies, including self-harm and death, harms that were never inevitable. Instead, they were predictable consequences of a lax r

I denna avhandling fokuseras lärares kunskapsutveckling inom ramen för initieringen av den statliga satsningen Utbildning, Lärande och Forskning (ULF) i samverkan mellan skola och akademi. Resultaten visar att den geografiska spridningen av insatsen varit ojämlik, där skolor i närhet av lärosäten varit de som främst ingått i samverkan. I samverkan mellan skola och akademin framkommer ytterligare e

Audiobooks are more popular than ever before. The article examines how this so-called “audiobook boom”, as well as the communities, reading practices, and economic systems surrounding audiobooks affect how we ascribe value to books and reading. The article departs from a notion of literary values based in the sociology of literature. While its contribution is primarily conceptual, the discussion iAudiobooks are more popular than ever before. The article examines how this so-called “audiobook boom”, as well as the communities, reading practices, and economic systems surrounding audiobooks affect how we ascribe value to books and reading. The article departs from a notion of literary values based in the sociology of literature. While its contribution is primarily conceptual, the discussion i

What makes baby cries, dog barks and piercing screams so disturbing and difficult to ignore? A common explanation is that their salience is enhanced by vocal roughness and unpredictability caused by irregular phonation. A comprehensive investigation in ten perceptual experiments confirmed that human listeners found nonlinear vocal phenomena (NLP: frequency jumps, amplitude modulation, subharmonics

Att säkerställa tillräcklig bärighet för cykelvägar är nödvändigt för att undvika skador. Då de är tunna och smala konstruktioner är de väldigt känsliga för kantskador från passager av tunga fordon. Två viktiga faktorer som påverkar den här skadetypen är bristen på kantstöd och ett ökat fuktinnehåll i de obundna konstruktionslagren. Tre instrumenterade fullskaliga cykelvägskonstruktioner med olikaAssuring sufficient structural stability of cycle paths is important toavoid distress. Being thin and narrow structures, they are highly susceptibleto edge cracking by passings of heavy vehicles. Two importantfactors that affect distress are lack of lateral support at the edgeand increased moisture content in the unbound granular materials.Three full-scale instrumented cycle path structures with d

En förflyttning av bilresor till cykeltrafik har många fördelar, t.ex.förbättrad folkhälsa genom ökad fysisk aktivitet och minskadeföroreningar och trängsel. En slät yta med adekvat friktion är viktigt förcyklisternas trafiksäkerhet, komfort och framkomlighet. Sprickor ochojämnheter är vanligt förekommande underhållsrelaterade brister som ärkopplade till cykelvägens nedbrytning. Ett syfte med den A shift in modal share from car driving to cycling has many benefits, e.g.,health benefits from increased physical activity and less pollution andcongestion. A smooth cycle path surface with sufficient friction isimportant for cyclist traffic safety, comfort and level of service. Cracks andsurface unevenness are frequent maintenance-related deficienciesassociated with the degradation of the struct

Att ersätta bilresor med cykelresor har många fördelar, både ur ett individ- och samhällsperspektiv, t.ex. bättre hälsa genom ökad fysisk aktivitet, lägre nivåer av föroreningar och trängsel. Det finns dock vissa potentiella problem med en sådan förändring. Cyklister löper exempelvis högre risk för trafikolyckor per fordonskilometer än bilförare. Denna risk måste minimeras för en optimal övergång A shift in modal share from car driving to cycling has many benefits, bothfrom individual- and societal perspectives, e.g., better health from anincrease in physical activity, lower levels of pollution and congestion.However, there are also some potential problems with such a shift. Cyclistshave a higher risk of traffic incidents per travelled kilometre than cardrivers. This risk needs to be minim

BACKGROUND: Balloon-guide catheters (BGC) have been associated with improved procedural and functional outcomes following endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in multiple observational studies. Recently the PROTECT-MT trial challenged this benefit, showing worse functional outcomes when using BGCs. This study aims to assess the association between BGC-use and procedural and functional outcomes in a lar

This article analyses the Catholic humanitarian assistance provided to non-Catholic fascists after the Second World War. It does so by investigating the assistance provided by Vatican networks to leading Romanian Orthodox fascists displaced in Rome. Drawing from Pius XII's pontificate archives, the article explores an encounter between the rescuers and the rescued inspired by distinct political an

Samhället behöver utvecklas i en hållbar riktning. Ett sätt att bidra till det är att överflytta motoriserade transporter till hållbara färdmedel, som cykling. För att öka cyklingen spelar infrastrukturen en viktig roll och det behövs cykelvägar av bra kvalitet. Det saknas emellertid kunskap om cykelvägarnas nedbrytning. Den här artikeln ämnar undersöka vilken typ av skador som återfinns på svenskThere is a need to move society in a sustainable direction. One way to contribute to this move is to change to more sustainable transport modes, such as cycling. To increase cycling, the infrastructure is important, and good quality cycle paths are needed. However, little is known about the degradation of cycle paths. This paper aims to investigate what modes of pavement distress are found on muni

The ability to image specific areas of the body is crucial for developing novel, non-invasive medical approaches. Nanocarriers designed for this purpose should have minimal cytotoxicity to accurately reveal internalization mechanism while also allowing for tunable localization within the cells through compositional adjustments. Cubosomes have been widely studied as carriers for imaging agents. How