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Several studies have shown the association between decreased insulin sensitivity and the risk of male hypogonadism. Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) is a well-established marker of decreased insulin sensitivity. The triglyceride-glucose index (TyG), calculated as ln fasting triglyceride mg/dL× fasting glucose mg/dL/2, was recently suggested to be a cheaper and a reliabl

Earlier treatment of breast cancer results in better survival. Screening enables this through detection of tumors before they cause symptoms. On the negative side, some tumors if not detected through screening would not cause symptoms, leading to overdiagnosis. Improvements in image quality allow even earlier detection and diagnosis of even smaller tumors at an even earlier stage. This study aims

In this paper we study the numerical quadrature of a stochastic integral, where the temporal regularity of the integrand is measured in the fractional Sobolev-Slobodeckij norm in Wσ,p(0,T), σ ∈(0,2), p∈[2,∞). We introduce two quadrature rules: The first is best suited for the parameter range σ ∈(0,1) and consists of a Riemann-Maruyama approximation on a randomly shifted grid. The second quadrature

For initial value problems associated with operator-valued Riccati differential equations posed in the space of Hilbert–Schmidt operators existence of solutions is studied. An existence result known for algebraic Riccati equations is generalized and used to obtain the existence of a solution to the approximation of the problem via a backward Euler scheme. Weak and strong convergence of the sequenc

Freeze drying is a commonly used method for preserving probiotic bacteria and live biotherapeutic products. Before drying, the bacterial cells are formulated with a lyoprotectant, and the design of these two process steps are crucial to achieve a high-quality product. There are several factors that may affect the biological and physicochemical properties of the freeze-dried cells and we have used

In this paper, we introduce a randomized version of the backward Euler method that is applicable to stiff ordinary differential equations and nonlinear evolution equations with time-irregular coefficients. In the finite-dimensional case, we consider Carathéodory-type functions satisfying a one-sided Lipschitz condition. After investigating the well-posedness and the stability properties of the ran

Differential equations are an important building block for modeling processes in physics, biology, and social sciences. Usually, their exact solution is not known explicitly though. Therefore, numerical schemes to approximate the solution are of great importance. In this thesis, we consider the temporal approximation of nonlinear, nonautonomous evolution equations on a finite time horizon. We pres

Background: Contemporary patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) are older and exhibit cardiovascular or/and lung comorbidities. Such patients have typically been excluded from major PAH drug trials. This systematic review compares baseline characteristics, hemodynamic parameters, and mortality rate between PAH patients with significant number of comorbidities compared to those with fe

With more than 260 000 islands, Sweden is one of the countries with most islands in the world. Its islands are located along the coasts and in the larger lakes. For the municipalities and regions where they are located, the islands are places for recreation and symbols in tourism marketing. A rough overview over the impact of the pandemic on rural and remote areas indicates that Swedish tourism in

A recent rise in climate-related risks, encompassing floods, landslides, storms, and heat waves, has been noted across Sweden, resulting in significant property damage amounting to millions of Euros. While contemporary homes are being developed with climate-resilient designs, the existing housing stock remains exposed to the dynamic challenges of climate hazards. The primary research objective is

The majority of single-family houses in Sweden are affected by deteriorations in building envelopes as well as heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems, since they are about 30 years old. Theses house are therefore in need of extensive renovation, which provides an excellent opportunity to incorporate energy efficiency measures to reduce both the energy consumption and also operational. A