INTRODUCTION: Renal ETK/BMX activity is reduced in preeclampsia. Systemic RAS has been studied in preeclampsia; the renal RAS has not. None of the proteins in either pathway have previously been located in renal tissue from human pregnancy.OBJECTIVES: To determine renal expression and distribution of proteins involved in the ETK/BMX and RAS pathways in normal and preeclamptic pregnancy.METHODS: Li

INTRODUCTION: Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF's) are essential to angiogenesis and play a central role in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. Specifically, antagonists of VEGFR2 cause a preeclampsia-like syndrome, in humans and rats[1]. ETK/BMX is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) which induces VEGF expression and forms a complex with VEGFR2, whereby VEGF and TNF can induce a reciprocal

Fluid anomalies were often considered as possible precursors before earthquakes. However, fluid properties at the surface can change for a variety of reasons, including environmental changes near the surface, the response of the superficial fluid system to loads associated with the mechanical nucleation of earthquake fractures, or as a result of transients in fluid flow from the depths. A key prob

BACKGROUND: Intraoperative nerve monitoring (IONM) of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) predicts the risk of vocal cord palsy (VCP). IONM can be used to adapt the surgical strategy in order to prevent bilateral VCP and associated morbidity. Controversial results have been reported in the literature for the effect of IONM on rates of VCP, and large multicentre studies are required for elucidation

The characterization of exoplanets and their birth protoplanetary disks has enormously advanced in the last decade. Benefitting from that, our global understanding of the planet formation processes has been substantially improved. In this review, we first summarize the cutting-edge states of the exoplanet and disk observations. We further present a comprehensive panoptic view of modern core accret

The Analog to Digital (A/D) Converters (ADC) are vital components in high-performance radio devices. In the receiver end, the signal received by the analog front-end can not be directly analyzed by the digital core, thus requiring high-performance ADC circuits acting as bridges connecting the analog and digital domain. These circuits are integrated into Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMO

Ecosystem models commonly use stable‐state assumptions to predict responses of soil microbial functions to environmental change. However, past climatic conditions can shape microbial functional responses resulting in a ‘legacy effect’. For instance, exposure to drier conditions in the field may shape how soil microbial communities respond to subsequent drought and drying and rewetting (DRW) event

This paper presents a 10-bit SAR ADC with a sampling rate of 200 MS/s. To reduce area and power consumption, the ADC adopts a split-capacitor DAC, where the gain error is estimated and subsequently removed by means of a PRBS signal injected into the DAC and detected at the ADC output. The ADC has been designed and fabricated in a 22nm FD-SOI CMOS process, and achieves an SNDR of 48.7 dB and an SFD

This paper analyzes the bit conversion errors in high speed SAR ADCs and proposes a design method to minimize their impact on the ADC performance. By removing the SR latch from the output stage of the differential comparator, while using only one comparator output to generate the differential signals for the internal capacitive DAC, sparkle-code errors are avoided, and conversion errors from a pre

This thesis consists of four papers that broadly concerns two dierent topics. The rsttopic is so-called barycentric Markov processes. By a barycentric Markov process wemean a process that consists of a point/particle system evolving in (discrete) time,whose evolution depends in some way on the mean value of the current points in thesystem. In common for the three rst papers which are on this topicThis thesis consists of four papers that broadly concerns two dierent topics. The rsttopic is so-called barycentric Markov processes. By a barycentric Markov process wemean a process that consists of a point/particle system evolving in (discrete) time,whose evolution depends in some way on the mean value of the current points in thesystem. In common for the three rst papers which are on this topic

Although there has been a long tradition of public space-related land speculation and development, the recent success of the High Line in New York has highlighted the transformative effect carefully designed and curated public spaces can have on the local economy. By prioritising exchange value over use value, governments and developers are exploiting the production of public spaces as a means for

The production of K∗(892)0 and φ(1020) in pp collisions at s=8 TeV was measured by using Run 1 data collected by the ALICE collaboration at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The pT-differential yields d2N/dydpT in the range 0

Non-ownership models, where firms rather than consumers remain product owners, are advocated as a way for firms to prolong product lifetimes and contribute to a more Circular Economy. However, it has been suggested that such models could actually encourage ‘faster cycling’, meaning earlier product replacement and shorter product lifetimes. Within recent policy discussions, product durability to pr

This article critically examines the claim that EPPO is a proper federal supranational prosecutor. The article observes that the EPPO among policymakers and commentators appears to be a hallmark of the transformation of EU criminal law from an intergovernmental paradigm to a strong federal and supranational polity. The EPPO primarily stands out among other EU agencies by having been conferred with

The urban expansion currently under development around the two materials science facilities MAX IV and European Spallation Source in Lund, Sweden, surrounds two meticulously designed research facilities steered by global demands. The new urban area, together with the research facilities dedicated to science and the development of knowledge, expands the city of Lund onto high-quality agricultural l

Importance: There is an urgent need for inexpensive and minimally invasive blood biomarkers for Alzheimer disease (AD) that could be used to detect early disease changes. Objective: To assess how early in the course of AD plasma levels of tau phosphorylated at threonine 217 (P-tau217) start to change compared with levels of established cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and positron emission tomography (PE