Background: HIV type 2 (HIV-2) is considered more benign and has fewer pathogenic consequences than HIV type 1 (HIV-1) for most infected individuals. However, reliable estimates of time to AIDS and mortality among those with HIV-2 infection are absent. We therefore aimed to compare the time to AIDS and mortality, and the CD4 T-cell dynamics between those infected with HIV-1 and HIV-2. Methods: We

The rules of conduct given to people living with HIV in Sweden in accordance with the Swedish Communicable Diseases Act stipulate disclosure obligation to sexual partners and mandatory condom use. Since 2013, treating physicians have the possibility to exempt patients from this disclosure obligation when no considerable risk of transmission is present. This study explored experiences of communicat

A genetic risk score (GRS) based on 29 single nucleotide polymorpysms (SNPs) associated with high blood pressure (BP) was prospectively associated with development of hypertension, stroke and cardiovascular events. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of this GRS on the incidence of aortic disease, including aortic dissection (AD), rupture or surgery of a thoracic (TAA) or abdom

Fusion gene detection is of great diagnostic value since the presence of fusion genes may dictate treatment and patient outcome. When detecting fusion genes in clinical samples there are multiple aspects to consider regarding sample origin, choice of fusion gene detection technique, and data analysis.

Purpose: Patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) due to systemic sclerosis (SSc) have high mortality. Left ventricular (LV) peak global longitudinal strain (GLS) is decreased in SSc. It is unknown whether low GLS is due to SSc or PAH. Therefore, our primary aim was to evaluate both LV and right ventricular free wall GLS (RVFW GLS) in SSc, with and without PAH, using cardiac magnetic re

Up-regulation of carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) expression is an indicator of metastasis and associated with poor cancer patient prognosis. CA IX has emerged as a cancer drug target but development of isoform-specific inhibitors is challenging due to other highly conserved CA isoforms. In this study, a CA IXmimic construct was used (CA II with seven point mutations introduced, to mimic CA IX active

Importance: No effective treatments are currently available for severe tinnitus, which affects 1% of the population and lowers the quality of life. The factors that contribute to the transition from mild to severe tinnitus are poorly known. Before performing genetic analyses and determining the mechanisms involved in the development of severe tinnitus, its heritability needs to be determined. Obje

Aim: Ventricular fibrillation (VF) during reperfusion in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is associated with increased in-hospital mortality. Dispersion of ventricular repolarization contributes to ventricular vulnerability during ischemia. Tpeak-Tend interval was proposed as a ventricular repolarization dispersion marker, however its value for prediction of reperfusion VF remains uncert

In order to develop more sustainable district heating systems, the district heating sector is currently trying to increase the energy efficiency of these systems. One way of doing so is to identify customer installations in the systems that have poor cooling performance. This study aimed to develop an algorithm that was able to detect the poorly performing installations automatically using meter r

When trying to integrate more fossil-free heat sources such as renewable energy and heatrecycled from other processes into the current district heating systems, problems occur due tothe high temperature levels in the systems. There are many reasons to why the temperaturelevels are high, but one frequently occurring issue is that the return temperatures of thecustomer installations are undesirably

Background: Naloxone, an opioid receptor antagonist, is used as a pharmacological tool to detect tonic endogenous activation of opioid receptors in experimental pain models. We describe a pharmacokinetic model linking naloxone pharmacokinetics to its main metabolite after high-dose naloxone infusion. Methods: Eight healthy volunteers received a three-stage stepwise high-dose i.v. naloxone infusion

Most studies on the fertility transition have focused either on macro-level trends or on micro-level patterns with limited geographic scope. Much less attention has been given to the interplay between individual characteristics and contextual conditions, including geographic location. Here we investigate the relevance of geography and socioeconomic status for understanding fertility variation in t

Rationale: In symptomatic patients with COPD, the decision whether to initiate maintenance treatment with a single agent or a combination of long-acting bronchodilators remains unclear. Objective: To investigate whether baseline symptomatic status influences response to tiotropium/olodaterol treatment. Materials and methods: Post hoc analysis of the randomized OTEMTO® studies (NCT01964352; NCT0200

We derive the chiral Lagrangian at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (NNNLO) for a general number Nf of light quark flavours as well as for Nf = 2, 3. We enumerate the contact terms separately. We also discuss the cases where some of the external fields are not included. An example of a choice of Lagrangian is given in the supplementary material.

Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) are rare tumours and at least 30% are part of hereditary syndromes. Approximately 20% of hereditary PPGL are caused by pathogenic germ line variants in genes of the succinate dehydrogenase complex (SDHx), TMEM127 or MAX. Herein we present guidelines regarding genetic testing of family members and their surveillance based on a thorough literature review. Al

The district heating sector in Sweden is today facing several challenges due to competition from other heating alternativesas well as decreasing heat demand in buildings. To increase its competitiveness, the district heating companieshave to find ways to keep their production costs at a more or less constant level. One way of doing this is to increasethe efficiency of the district heating systems.The district heating sector in Sweden is today facing several challenges due to competition from other heating alterna-tives as well as decreasing heat demand in buildings. To increase its competitiveness, the district heating companieshave to find ways to keep their production costs at a more or less constant level. One way of doing this is to increasethe efficiency of the district heating system

Background: Adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) for breast cancer improves relapse-free survival (BCRFS) and overall survival. Differences in terms of efficacy and toxicity could partly be explained by the significant interpatient variability in pharmacokinetics which cannot be captured by dosing according to body surface area. Consequently, tailored dosing was prospectively evaluated in the PANTHER trial