Popular Abstract in Swedish Kväveoxid (NO) och framför allt kolmonoxid (CO) tillhör de giftigaste gaserna man känner till. Vem har inte läst i kriminalromaner om hur människor stängts in i garage och gasats ihjäl med kolmonoxid från arbetande bilmotorers avgasutsläpp. Under det senaste årtiondet har man kunnat visa att dessa gaser i själva verket bildas i vår egen kropp och att de utgör signalmoleDuring the last decade it has been shown that nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) are produced in our own body, and that they constitute a novel class of messenger molecules. In 1992 a constitutive NO-producing NO-synthase (cNOS) was found in the islets of Langerhans, and in 1997 we could show for the first time that the islets also contained a CO-producing constitutive heme oxygenase (HO-2

Popular Abstract in Swedish I Big Bang skapades 3 grundämnen: H, He, och spår av Li. Alla andra grundämnen har bildats i stjärnor. Lågmassiva stjärnor som vår sol kan genom kärnreaktioner skapa grundämnen upp till och med syre i det periodiska systemet, medan mer massiva stjärnor kan skapa grundämnen ända upp till järn. Tyngre grundämnen än järn produceras in slutstadierna av stjärnornas liv, tillAll the elements heavier than Li are created during stellar evolution. Even if our knowledge of this process is good, many questions still remain. For instance, the odd-Z iron-peak elements Sc, V, Mn, and Co together with neutron-capture elements Sr, Zr, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, and Eu have still unclear production sites because theoretical models and observational evidences are not in agreement. Having a

Speckle is an unwanted noise in ultrasound images, and appears as returning echoes are coherently summed over the transducer surface. In Doppler applications, the total power of the received spectrum varies in a manner similar to speckle. This paper investigates the correlation of continuous-wave (CW) Doppler signals obtained from simultaneously transmitted carrier frequencies, when a slowly flowi

The detection of spectral line profile variability for stars of the HgMnclass of chemical peculiarity has been poorly documented in theliterature yet holds a special significance for understandingrelationships between observed spectral anomalies, stellar surfacestructure, and magnetic fields. The HgMn stars have until now not beenconfirmed to vary in their light or spectral characteristics in ways

Despite a sizable functional literature on variation and change, very little attention has been given to the diachronic mechanisms of meaning shifts and change covering the whole continuum from contentful to configurational meanings. This chapter is an attempt to begin filling this gap. It proposes a unitary approach to the mechanisms of variation and change within the Cognitive Linguistics framew

Protein phosphorylation in the subcompartments of plant mitochondria was investigated by labelling with [gamma-32P]ATP and by SDS-PAGE/autoradiography. About 20 proteins in inside-out inner mitochondrial membranes from potato tubers were phosphorylated by endogenous protein kinases when incubated with [gamma-32P]ATP. None of the phosphorylated proteins were labelled when using [alpha-32P]ATP as a

This paper presents a prototype 3.1-8.2 GHz UWB transmitter front-end based on a novel transmitted reference pulse cluster (TRPC) scheme in the 0.13-μm CMOS process. The transmitter front-end consists of wideband low noise active baluns, IQ modulator based on noise-cancellation mixers with high linearity, and differential to single-ended (D-to-S) converter. The measurements show that the worst-cas

A major issue related to our modern way of life is the noise caused by jet engine powered airliners. Methods to reduce the jet noise were proposed in the last decades starting with the introduction of high bypass turbofan engines. A numerical investigation of flow and acoustics of a separate flow exhaust system is performed in the present paper. The goal is to investigate how the noise generated b