As the dimensions of interconnects in integrated circuits continue to shrink, an urgent need arises to understand the physical mechanism associated with electromigration. Using x-ray nanodiffraction, we analyzed the stresses in Blech-structured pure Cu lines subjected to different electromigration conditions. The results suggest that the measured residual stresses in the early stages of electromig

The far right is on the rise across Europe. In Germany, the political party Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) has had striking success in several elections, establishing itself in parliaments across the country. Although Christianity comes up in the programmes and the politics of this party, theologians in Germany have been hesitant to engage the rise of the far right. In this review, I present tw

Debatten om en hejdlös rivningskultur i Sverige har börjat ta fart de senaste åren. Utöver samtidens klimatfrågor som präglat kritiken om resursslöseri och utsläpp har även röster börjat höjas för historiska och kulturella värden som går förlorade. Viljan och förmågan att bevara befintlig arkitektur i Sverige har inte varit stark historiskt sett och fortsätter inte heller att vara det i vår samtidThe debate concerning the widespread demolition-culture in Sweden has sparked during recent years. Beside questions regarding climate change, waste of resources and emissions, voices have also started to rise for the historic and cultural values that are being lost. The will and capability to preserve existing architecture in Sweden hasn’t been strong historically and continues not to be so in mod

Syftet med den här texten är att beskriva olika former av mikroaggressioner och ge exempel på hur de kan ta sig uttryck. Vi kommer att gå igenom hur de hanteras av de som utsätts, samt diskutera varför yrkesverksamma som träffar människor i sitt arbete behöver ha kunskap om mikroaggressioner. I den här texten kommer vi framför allt att belysa situationen för hbtq-personer, alltså personer som är hSyftet med den här texten är att beskriva olika former av mikroaggressioner och ge exempel på hur de kan ta sig uttryck. Vi kommer att gå igenom hur de hanteras av de som utsätts, samt diskutera varför yrkesverksamma som träffar människor i sitt arbete behöver ha kunskap om mikroaggressioner. I den här texten kommer vi framför allt att belysa situationen för hbtq-personer, alltså personer som är h

This paper examines the economic effects of German settlers on Imperial Russia’s transition to advanced industrialization in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Between 1763 and 1860, thousands of German migrants came to the country’s frontier regions, drawn by a state-sponsored settlement policy. Using accidental elements in German migration induced by policy, the paper demonstrates

Rättsfallspodd från Juridiska fakulteten.År 1632 ger den italienske vetenskapsmannen Galileo Galilei ut en bok som visar att den katolska kyrkans världsbild är felaktig. Jorden står inte still, utan roterar runt solen. Galileo åtalas för kätteri och ställs inför inkvisitionens domstol i Rom.

The fast evolution of the QGP makes its interaction with jets an inherently time-dependent process. However, this crucial dimension is missing from traditional jet quenching measurements, which hence provide a mere average quantification of the medium properties. Jet substructure observables provide an effective strategy to access the QGP time structure. By identifying the recursive steps of a nov

This study investigates the suitability of heat conduction calorimeters for determining the specific heat capacity of solid and liquid substances. Accurate and precise measurements were obtained for various substances, including water, ethylene glycol, the ionic liquid [EMIM][TCM], and copper, with relative standard deviations averaging less than 1%. Measurements on [EMIM][DCA] indicated a systema

Airborne mineral dust is sensitive to climatic changes, but its response to orbital forcing is still not fully understood. Here, we present a reconstruction of dust input to the Subarctic Pacific Ocean covering the past 190 kyr. The dust composition record is indicative of source moisture conditions, which were dominated by precessional variations. In contrast, the dust flux record is dominated by

Despite marked progress in the management of atrial fibrillation (AF), detecting AF remains difficult and AF-related complications cause unacceptable morbidity and mortality even on optimal current therapy. This document summarizes the key outcomes of the 8th AFNET/EHRA Consensus Conference of the Atrial Fibrillation NETwork (AFNET) and the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA). Eighty-three in

We extend the ecological component (ECOGEM) of the carbon-centric Grid-Enabled Integrated Earth system model (cGEnIE) to include a diatom functional group. ECOGEM represents plankton community dynamics via a spectrum of ecophysiological traits originally based on size and plankton food web (phyto- and zooplankton; EcoGEnIE 1.0), which we developed here to account for a diatom functional group (Eco