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Seasonal variability in Northern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and the Little Ice Age

Here we report new reconstructions of winter temperature and summer moisture during the past millennium in southeastern Sweden, based on stable-isotope data from a composite tree-ring sequence, that further enhances our knowledge and understanding of seasonal climate variability in the Northern Hemisphere over the past millennium. Key features of these new climate proxy records include evidence fo

Bildförbudet saknar stöd i Koranen

SNEDVRIDEN BILD. Det finns inget enhetligt förbud inom islam mot att avbilda människor, vilket ofta hävdas i debatten om de danska Muhammedteckningarna. Vad som kanaliseras i protesterna mot publiceringen är politiska åsikter rörande regionala förhållanden.

Scalable Design of Heterogeneous Networks

A systematic approach to the analysis and design of a class of large dynamical systems is presented. The approach allows decentralized control laws to be designed independently using only local subsystem models. Design can be conducted using standard techniques, including loopshaping based on Nyquist and Popov plots, H methods, and μ-synthesis procedures. The approach is applied to a range of netw

The impact of dermoscopy on melanoma detection in the practice of dermatologists in Europe : results of a pan-European survey

BACKGROUND: Dermoscopy is a widely used technique that can increase the sensitivity and specificity of melanoma detection. Information is lacking on the impact of dermoscopy use on the detection of melanoma in the real-life practice of European dermatologists.OBJECTIVE: To identify factors that influence the benefit of using dermoscopy for increasing melanoma detection and lowering the number of u

Subthalamic nucleus lesioning inhibits expression and phosphorylation of c-Jun in nigral neurons in the rat's 6-OHDA model of Parkinson's disease

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is characterized by a loss of nigral dopamine (DA) neurons, followed by a striatal DA deficit. Inhibition of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) reverses L-DOPA sensitive motor symptoms and improves efficacy of pharmacotherapy in PD-patients. The underlying mechanism of these effects, however, remains largely unknown. Previously, we could show in the rat's 6-hydroxyDA (6-OHDA) m

Soil microbial responses to mild winters and seasonal change

Varje år släpps ungefär 10 gånger mer koldioxid ut av mikroorganismer som lever i jorden vi går på, jämfört med utsläppen som kommer från fossila bränslen. Som tur är tar växter upp ungefär lika mycket koldioxid från atmosfären som mikroorganismerna släpper ut, så de balanserar varandra. En viktig fråga är vad som händer med balans mellan växter och mikroorganismer om klimatet blir varmare. Om växThe aim with this thesis work was to study microorganisms response to milder winters, different seasons, and altered temperature. Winter warming treatments were established in a semi-natural temperate grassland, simulating mild winters for two years. We found that arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi received more carbon (C) from the plants after experiencing milder winters. The amount of plant-deriv

Deep brain stimulation of subthalamic neurons increases striatal dopamine metabolism and induces contralateral circling in freely moving 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) alleviates Parkinson's disease (PD) symptoms. Although widely used, the mechanisms of action are still unknown. In an attempt to elucidate those mechanisms, we have previously demonstrated that STN-DBS increases striatal extracellular dopamine (DA) metabolites in anaesthetized rats. PD being a movement disorder, it remains to be determi

Long-term proliferation and dopaminergic differentiation of human mesencephalic neural precursor cells

We report on generation of dopamine neurons from long-term cultures of human fetal mesencephalic precursor cells. These CNS precursor cells were successfully expanded in vitro using the mitogens epidermal growth factor (EGF) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2). Incubation of these cultures in 3% atmospheric oxygen resulted in higher cellular yields than room air. Following incubation in differe

Ablation of the subthalamic nucleus protects dopaminergic phenotype but not cell survival in a rat model of Parkinson's disease

Inhibition or ablation of the hyperactive subthalamic nucleus (STN) in Parkinson's disease (PD) does not only reverse motor deficits, silencing the glutamatergic output of the subthalamic nucleus, but has also been implicated to have neuroprotective effects on nigral neurons in animal models of Parkinson's disease. Ablation of the subthalamic nucleus has been shown to increase the number of tyrosi

Association of CD247 (CD3ζ) gene polymorphisms with T1D and AITD in the population of northern Sweden

Background: T1D and AITD are autoimmune disorders commonly occurring in the same family and even in the same individual. The genetic contribution to these disorders is complex making uncovering of susceptibility genes very challenging. The general aim of this study was to identify loci and genes contributing to T1D/AITD susceptibility. Our strategy was to perform linkage and association studies in

The Superstar and the Followers : Intra-Firm Product Complementarity in International Trade

This paper investigates whether the exports of different products by the same firm are systematically interconnected. Using Swedish firm-registry data from 1997-2011, I first document that the distribution of firm export sales is skewed towards their best performing products (‘superstars’). I then use a novel instrumental variable approach to identify if the ‘superstar’ products induce more trade This paper investigates whether the exports of different products by the same firm are systematically interconnected. Using Swedish firm-registry data from 1997-2011, I first document that the distribution of firm export sales is skewed towards their best performing products (‘superstars’). I then use a novel instrumental variable approach to identify if the ‘superstar’ products induce more trade

Bayesian Evidence Synthesis and the quantification of uncertainty in a Monte Carlo simulation

Monte Carlo simulation is a useful technique to propagate uncertainty through a quantitative model, but that is all. When the quantitative modelling is used to support decision-making, a Monte Carlo simulation must be complemented by a conceptual framework that assigns a meaningful interpretation of uncertainty in output. Depending on how the assessor or decision maker choose to perceive risk, the

Predictive outcome factors in the young patient treated with lumbar disc herniation surgery

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate predictive factors for outcome after lumbar disc herniation surgery in young patients. METHODS: In the national Swedish spine register, the authors identified 180 patients age 20 years or younger, in whom preoperative and 1-year postoperative data were available. The cohort was treated with primary open surgery due to lumbar disc herniation between

Usefulness of Serum B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Levels in Comatose Patients Resuscitated from Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest to Predict Outcome

N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic (NT-proBNP) is expressed in the heart and brain, and serum levels are elevated in acute heart and brain diseases. We aimed to assess the possible association between serum levels and neurological outcome and death in comatose patients resuscitated from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Of the 939 comatose OHCA patients enrolled and randomized in the Targeted

On the issue of simulating very large endfire arrays with complex antenna geometries

This paper discusses some of the main issues of efficient analysis of electrically very large endfire arrays, and further proposes approaches for developing flexible simulation tools for this particular purpose. Some initial results supporting the endfire array design issue are presented, as well as some preliminary examples of implemented compression- and acceleration methods.

Physical bounds and automatic design of antennas above ground planes

Physical bounds for antennas above ground planes are calculated by optimizing the antenna current. The bounds are compared with antennas modeled as fragmented patches and optimized using genetic algorithms. Monopole structures over ground planes are modeled with image theory and optimized. The monopole over ground plane structure simplifies experimental verification of the bounds.

Splicosomal and serine and arginine-rich splicing factors as targets for TGF-β

BACKGROUND: Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is a potent regulator of cell growth and differentiation. TGF-β1 has been shown to be a key player in tissue remodeling processes in a number of disease states by inducing expression of extracellular matrix proteins. In this study a quantitative proteomic analysis was undertaken to investigate if TGF-β1 contributes to tissue remodeling by mediatin