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Formation of Supported Lipid Bilayers by Vesicle Fusion: Effect of Deposition Temperature

We have investigated the effect of deposition temperature on supported lipid bilayer formation via vesicle fusion. By using several complementary surface-sensitive techniques, we demonstrate that despite contradicting literature on the subject, high-quality bilayers can be formed below the main phase-transition temperature of the lipid. We have carefully studied the formation mechanism of supporte

Evolution of the complex refractive index in the UV spectral region in ageing secondary organic aerosol

The chemical and physical properties of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formed by the photochemical degradation of biogenic and anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOC) are as yet still poorly constrained. The evolution of the complex refractive index (RI) of SOA, formed from purely biogenic VOC and mixtures of biogenic and anthropogenic VOC, was studied over a diurnal cycle in the SAPHIR ph

Argonaute2 Mediates Compensatory Expansion of the Pancreatic β Cell.

Pancreatic β cells adapt to compensate for increased metabolic demand during insulin resistance. Although the microRNA pathway has an essential role in β cell proliferation, the extent of its contribution is unclear. Here, we report that miR-184 is silenced in the pancreatic islets of insulin-resistant mouse models and type 2 diabetic human subjects. Reduction of miR-184 promotes the expression of

Cost-effectiveness of point-of-care C-reactive protein testing to inform antibiotic prescribing decisions

Background Point-of-care C-reactive protein (POCCRP) is a biomarker of inflammation that offers clinicians a rapid POC test to guide antibiotic prescribing decisions for acute cough and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). However, evidence that POCCRP is cost-effective is limited, particularly outside experimental settings. Aim To assess the cost-effectiveness of POCCRP as a diagnostic tool

An Efficient Null Model for Conformational Fluctuations in Proteins

Protein dynamics play a crucial role in function, catalytic activity, and pathogenesis. Consequently, there is great interest in computational methods that probe the conformational fluctuations of a protein. However, molecular dynamics simulations are computationally costly and therefore are often limited to comparatively short timescales. TYPHON is a probabilistic method to explore the conformati

Tethered Poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) Chains: Temperature Effects on Layer Structure and Interactions Probed by AFM Experiments and Modeling

Thermoresponsive polymer layers on silica surfaces have been obtained by utilizing electrostatically driven adsorption of a cationic-nonionic diblock copolymer. The cationic block provides strong anchoring to the surface for the nonionic block of poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline), referred to as PIPOZ. The PIPOZ chain interacts favorably with water at low temperatures, but above 46 degrees C aqueous s

Freestanding sample holder for ultrafast optical spectroscopy at low temperatures.

Ultrafast optical spectroscopy techniques are often employed to gain information about samples that are liquid at room temperature and frozen at cryogenic temperatures. However, the measurements suffer from the presence of unwanted, non-resonant signals originating in the sample cell walls. Most of these artifacts can be avoided in the measurements performed at room temperature by using liquid jet

The yellow mini-hutch for SAXS experiments at MAX IV Laboratory

I911-SAXS is the new SAXS (Small-Angle-X-ray-Scattering) beamline at the MAX IV Laboratory in Lund, Sweden. It is one of the 5 stations of the hard X-ray Cassiopeia beamline (I911) at the 1.5 GeV ring MAX II. I911-4 was converted into a multipurpose SAXS station which opened to the scientific community in May 2011. The SAXS users community at this laboratory comes from diverse fields of research w

On the principle of virtual power in continuum mechanics

The principle of virtual power and its equivalence to the Euler laws expressing the global balance of momentum and moment of momentum is demonstrated. The demonstration includes bodies subjected to jump discontinuities (shocks) and external and internal constraints.

Inter-observer agreement in describing the ultrasound appearance of adnexal masses and in calculating the risk of malignancy using logistic regression models.

Purpose: To estimate inter-observer agreement with regard to describing adnexal masses using the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) terminology and the risk of malignancy calculated using IOTA logistic regression models LR1 and LR2, and to elucidate what explained the largest inter-observer differences in calculated risk of malignancy. Experimental Design: 117 women with adnexal masses we

Estimating the distribution of sensorimotor synchronization data : A Bayesian hierarchical modeling approach.

The sensorimotor synchronization paradigm is used when studying the coordination of rhythmic motor responses with a pacing stimulus and is an important paradigm in the study of human timing and time perception. Two measures of performance frequently calculated using sensorimotor synchronization data are the average offset and variability of the stimulus-to-response asynchronies-the offsets between

Folate and vitamin B-12 in idiopathic male infertility

Although methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, a folate enzyme gene, has been associated with idiopathic male infertility, few studies have examined other folate-related metabolites and genes. We investigated whether idiopathic male infertility is associated with variants in folate, vitamin B-12 (B12) and total homocysteine (tHcy)-related genes and measured these metabolites in blood. We conducted

Towards XUV-pump XUV-probe experiments with attosecond pulses at the Lund Laser Centre

The relaxation dynamics of an ionized/excited molecular system leads to different fundamental processes occurring at sub-femtosecond timescales. Time-resolved XUV-pump XUV-probe experiments should allow deeper insight to the key roles of these processes. Such studies should be feasible soon thanks to experimental schemes similar to those at the high-intensity high-order harmonic generation beamlin

Physical Activity and Mortality in Individuals With Diabetes Mellitus A Prospective Study and Meta-analysis

Background: Physical activity (PA) is considered a cornerstone of diabetes mellitus management to prevent complications, but conclusive evidence is lacking. Methods: This prospective cohort study and meta-analysis of existing studies investigated the association between PA and mortality in individuals with diabetes. In the EPIC study (European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition),

Bioengineering and Semisynthesis of an Optimized Cyclophilin Inhibitor for Treatment of Chronic Viral Infection.

Inhibition of host-encoded targets, such as the cyclophilins, provides an opportunity to generate potent high barrier to resistance antivirals for the treatment of a broad range of viral diseases. However, many host-targeted agents are natural products, which can be difficult to optimize using synthetic chemistry alone. We describe the orthogonal combination of bioengineering and semisynthetic che