Background Previous studies indicate that parental externalizing behavior (EB) is a robust risk factor for alcohol use disorder (AUD) in their children, and that this is due to both inherited genetic liability and environmental exposure. However, it remains unclear whether the effects of exposure to parental EB vary as a function of timing and/or chronicity. Methods We identified biological parent

Background: Task modification refers to performing a task differently than before. While task modification in walking may be a sign of looming walking difficulty, it may also be adaptive in and postpone the decline in life-space mobility. However, this has not been studied. This study examined whether changes in life-space mobility over a 2-year period differ between people who at baseline report

Study design:Cross-sectional.Objectives:To describe participation in leisure time physical activity (LTPA) (amount, intensity and type) among older adults with long-term spinal cord injury (SCI), and to investigate the associations with sociodemographics, injury characteristics and secondary health conditions (SHCs).Setting:Home settings in southern Sweden.Methods:Data from the Swedish Aging with

The relative efficacy and harms of balloon kyphoplasty (BK) for treating vertebral compression fractures (VCF) are uncertain. We searched multiple electronic databases to March 2016 for randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials comparing BK with control treatment (nonsurgical management [NSM], percutaneous vertebroplasty [PV], KIVA VCF treatment system [Benvenue Medical, Inc., Santa Clara,

Using state-of-the-art X-ray tomographic microscopy we can image lung tissue in three dimensions in intact animals down to a micrometer precision. The structural complexity and hierarchical branching scheme of the lung at this level of details, however, renders the extraction of biologically relevant quantities particularly challenging. We have developed a methodology for a detailed description of

Background: Recent randomized trials demonstrated that laparoscopic lavage compared with resection for Hinchey III perforated diverticulitis was associated with similar mortality, less stoma formation but a higher rate of early reintervention. The aim of this study was to compare 1-year outcomes in patients who participated in the randomized Scandinavian Diverticulitis (SCANDIV) trial. Methods: Be

Katalys är ryggraden i många processer i vardagen. Även människokroppen styrs huvudsakligen av katalysatorer. Detta viktiga koncept tillåter oss att på ett miljövänligt sätt konvertera råmaterial som råolja och naturgas till värdefulla och oersättliga produkter, till exempel motorbränslen, läkemedel och agrokemikalier. En katalysprocess drivs av en katalysator, vilket således är en substans som, uNew classes of N-heterocyclic carbene-palladium(II) complexes containing either a vinyl group in different positions or an anthracene tag in the backbone of the N-heterocycle were synthesized and fully characterized. The vinyl based complexes were copolymerized with divinylbenzene to fabricate robust polymer-supported NHC-Pd(II) systems, while the anthracene based complexes were π-stacked onto the

Aims: The REPRISE IIE trial aimed to evaluate outcomes following transcatheter aortic valve implantation of the fully repositionable and retrievable LOTUS valve with a unique seal designed to minimise paravalvular leak (PVL). Methods and results: This prospective, multicentre study enrolled 250 patients with severe aortic stenosis considered high-risk for surgery by a multidisciplinary Heart Team.

Det var ett yrvaket och oförstående Europa som från och med 1991 såg konflikterna i Jugoslavien blossa upp i den egna europeiska ”bakgården”. Successivt under hela 1990-talet utvecklades upplösningskonflikten till en rad olika krig, och inte nog med att detta; stridigheterna uppfattades dessutom som ovanligt våldsamma, råa och obegripliga. Framför allt västerländska journalister, universitetsakade

Smakprov/utdrag ur det kommande universitetshistoriska översiktsverket "Lunds universitet under 350 år - Historia och historier" (red: Francke, Magnusson Staaf, Tersmeden)

The Helping Hand (HH) system is a novel grasp rehabilitation platform aimed at simplifying the clinical usage of wearable electrode arrays for neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES). In a randomized dose-matched, clinical study we evaluate usability and effectiveness of the HH treatment, and of other enriched upper limb rehabilitation treatments, and compare the outcomes. This paper shows the

BACKGROUND: Viral-induced asthma exacerbations, which exhibit both Th1-type neutrophilia and Th2-type inflammation, associate with secretion of Interleukin (IL)-1β. IL-1β induces neutrophilic inflammation. It may also increase Th2-type cytokine expression. We hypothesised that IL-1β is causally involved in both Th1 and Th2 features of asthma exacerbations. This hypothesis is tested in our mouse mo

BACKGROUND: Impaired antiviral interferon expression may be involved in asthma exacerbations commonly caused by rhinovirus infections. Allergy is a known risk factor for viral-induced asthma exacerbation, but little is known whether allergens may affect interferon responses.OBJECTIVE: Our hypothesis is that house dust mite (HDM) impairs viral stimulus-induced antiviral signalling.METHODS: Experime

Objectives: The progression and pathophysiology of neuropathy in impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is poorly understood, especially in relation to autophagy. This study was designed to assess whether the presence of autophagy-related structures was associated with sural nerve fiber pathology, and to investigate if endoneurial capillary pathology could predict the developm

Objective: The associations of energy, protein, carbohydrate, and fat intake with weight status up to the age of 5.5 years were prospectively assessed in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study. Methods: Food record data (over 3 days) and BMI measurements between 0.25 and 5.5 years were available from 5,563 children with an increased genetic risk for type 1 diabetes f