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This article is a case study of the organization of the Swedish postal route to Europe in 1716. In the winter of 1715, the Swedish Baltic Empire lay in ruins and when the Swedish King Charles XII landed in Ystad, in the south of Sweden, he had many problems to deal with. One of the most urgent ones was to establish a postal route to the rest of Europe. During the war the traditional Swedish postal

Four new Caloplaca species with depsidones are described, C. ochrolechioides S.Y. Kondr., Kärnefelt & Elix, with variolaric and isosubnotatic acids, C. phaeocincta S.Y. Kondr. & Elix, C. sconensis S.Y.Kondr., Kärnefelt & A.Thell, and C. tomnashii S.Y. Kondr., Elix & Kärnefelt, with caloploicin, vicanicin, diploicin, fulgidin, and isofulgidin. The new combination Crocynia glaucescen

The calibration theorem by Rabin [Rabin, M., 2000a. Risk aversion and expected utility theory: A calibration theorem. Econometrica 68, 1281-1292; Rabin, M., 2000b. Diminishing marginal utility of wealth cannot explain risk aversion. In: Kahneman, D., Tversky, A. (Eds.), Choices, Values and Frames. Cambridge University Press] implies that seemingly plausible small-stake choices under risk imply imp

We report here a combined theoretical and experimental study of Yb/Si(100)-(2x3) and -(2x4) reconstructions by means of first-principles calculations and high-resolution core-level photoelectron spectroscopy. Energetically stable atomic structures are presented for these reconstructions. Yb atoms are found to occupy the cave sites in the structures, and the Si substrate is strongly rearranged due

Trilobites from two lower Ovetian (low lower Cambrian) localities in Sierra Morena (south of Spain) are described. Serrania palaciosi nov. sp. and Serrania? gordaensis nov. sp. come from the western locality (Alconera). New specimens of Serrania verae Linan Guijarro, 1978 come from the eastern locality (Sierra de Cordoba). The ontogenetic study of S. verae suggests that this species evolved from S

Apolipoprotein M (APOM) has been suggested as a vasculoprotective constituent of high density lipoprotein (HDL), which plays a crucial role behind the mechanism of HDL-mediated anti-atherosclerosis. Previous studies demonstrated that insulin resistance could associate with decreased APOM expressions. In agreement with our previous reports, here, we further confirmed that the insulin sensitivity wa

We propose a method for the optimal time-controlled generation of entangled itinerant particles, using on-demand sources in a conductor in the quantum Hall regime. This entanglement pump is realized by applying periodic, tailored voltage pulses to pairs of quantum dots or quantum point contacts. We show that the pump can produce orbital Bell pairs of both electrons and holes at the optimal rate of

Abstract in UndeterminedWe bring together three decades of research from a boreal catchment to facilitate an improved mechanistic understanding of surface water dissolved organic carbon (DOC) regulation across multiple scales. The Krycklan Catchment Study encompasses 15 monitored nested research catchments, ranging from 3 to 6900 ha in size, as well as a set of monitored transects of forested and

The objective of this study is to clarify use of the term mastitis in empirical studies of lactational mastitis. Eighteen articles published between 1998 and 2008 were critically analyzed, and a concept clarification of the term mastitis was carried out. Four articles suggested that mastitis was an infection, 4 made no mention of the etiology of symptoms, and 10 articles described mastitis as an i

We describe a general computational method for designing proteins that self-assemble to a desired symmetric architecture. Protein building blocks are docked together symmetrically to identify complementary packing arrangements, and low-energy protein-protein interfaces are then designed between the building blocks in order to drive self-assembly. We used trimeric protein building blocks to design

A closely-packed ultrawideband (UWB) multiple- input multiple-output (MIMO)/diversity antenna (of two elements) with a size of 25 mm by 40 mm is proposed for USB dongle applications. Wideband isolation can be achieved through the different patterns and polarizations of the two antenna elements. Moreover, the slot that is formed between the monopole and the ground plane of the half slot antenna is

Background. Uraemia increases oxidative stress, plasma titres of antibodies recognizing oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and development of atherosclerosis. Immunization with oxLDL prevents classical, non-uraemic atherosclerosis. We have investigated whether immunization with oxLDL might also prevent uraemia-induced atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout (apoE-/-) mice. Methods. ApoE

The physical environment of supported-housing facilities (SHF) for people with severe mental illness has mainly been investigated in terms of neighborhood quality and community integration, largely neglecting the design of housing attributes. This study investigated whether SHFs with high and low levels of physical-environment quality differed in their support of users' (residents and staff) needs

The particle formation and growth events observed at a semirural background site in Denmark were analyzed based on particle number size distribution data collected during the period from February 2005 to December 2010. The new particle formation (NPF) events have been classified visually in detail according to 3D daily plots in combination with an automatic routine. A clear seasonal variation was

Particles of RuSeMo and RuSnMo have been produced by ball milling; they present catalytic activity towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acid media. A Tafel slope close to 120 mV/dec was found for both materials. Their morphology was first characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). SEM and TEM images reveal particles in the sub-micromet

Neural interface electrodes that can record from neurons in the brain for long periods of time will be of great importance to unravel how the brain accomplishes its functions. However, current electrodes usually cause significant glia reactions and loss of neurons within the adjacent brain parenchyma. To address this challenge, a novel, polymer-based neural probe, with protrusions tailored to the

In this study, a three-phase hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction (HF-LPME) method combined with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was developed for direct determination of four non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ketoprofen, naproxen, diclofenac and ibuprofen) in sewage sludge. The drugs were extracted from non-spiked and spiked slurry samples with different amounts of sludge into a

Chronic lung diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are two lung diseases that are continuously increasing worldwide. Despite extensively research to find curative treatment, no so such therapy exists today. New hypothesis suggests that an aberrant chronic wound healing process takes place which involves both the classical inflammation and more chronic changes of